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长期以来,我国的油气勘探被视为调查研究性工作,油气开采单位无偿享受国家投资所取得的勘探成果,这种体制既不符合国际惯例,也与社会主义市场经济的要求相距太大。借鉴西方市场经济国家的经验,遵循国际惯例,通过一次性转让、投资入股或计入开发规模自营开发等形式将地质勘探投资所取得的成果转化为资本,这是我国油气勘探业体制改革的方向。为此,我国应推行油气资源有偿开采制度,并进行系统的宏观配套改革,促进油气勘探成果商品化、勘探单位企业化和油气勘探的商业化经营的早日实现。
For a long time, oil and gas exploration in our country has been regarded as a research work of investigation, and oil and gas exploration units have enjoyed free exploration and exploration achievements made by the state in investment. Such a system neither meets international norms nor is it too far from the requirements of the socialist market economy. Drawing on the experience of western market economy countries and following international conventions, the achievements made through investment in geological exploration are turned into capital through one-time transfer, investment in stocks or self-developed exploitation of development scale. This is the reform of China’s oil and gas exploration industry system direction. To this end, China should promote the system of paid exploitation of oil and gas resources and carry out systematic macro-supporting reforms to promote the early commercialization of oil and gas exploration results, the commercialization of exploration units and the commercialization of oil and gas exploration.