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了解原子蒸气的密度、速度和温度分布对提高原子法激光分离同位素 (AVL IS)的分离效率起着重要作用。该实验采用激光感生荧光法和高灵敏度的线阵 CCD测量了线源蒸发钆金属原子蒸气的横向速度分布。通过实验证实了在线源蒸发的情况下 ,原子蒸气横向平均速度随横轴线性增加 ,横向速度分布近似服从 Maxwell分布。离蒸发对称面越远横向速度分布的半宽度越大 ,这表明离蒸发对称面越远原子热运动越激烈。而原子束横向平均速度随电子枪加热功率增加而增加 ,并且趋向于一饱和值。这是由于原子束平均速度取决于蒸发表面的温度 ,而液面温度随电子枪功率增加是有限的。
Understanding the density, velocity and temperature distribution of atomic vapors plays an important role in improving the separation efficiency of the atomic laser separation isotope (AVL IS). In this experiment, the lateral velocity distribution of the source vapor of gadolinium metal atom vapor was measured by laser-induced fluorescence method and high-sensitivity linear CCD. Experiments show that under the condition of on-line source evaporation, the average lateral velocity of atom vapor increases linearly with the horizontal axis and the lateral velocity distribution approximately obeys Maxwell’s distribution. The greater the half-width of the lateral velocity distribution from the evaporating symmetry plane, the more intense the atom heat movement is from the evaporating symmetry plane. The average lateral velocity of the electron beam increases with the increase of electron gun heating power, and tends to a saturation value. This is due to the fact that the average atomic beam velocity depends on the temperature of the evaporation surface, whereas the liquid surface temperature is limited as the electron gun power increases.