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【目的】研究樱桃李(Prunus divaricata)在不同生境中的幼苗组成与更新特征,从而为种群的恢复与保育提供理论依据和研究基础。【方法】以新疆霍城县大西沟山前逆温带内分布的天然野生樱桃李林为研究对象,采用样线法对野生樱桃李的天然更新特点及其影响因素进行了野外调查和分析。【结果】不同生境中野生樱桃李的幼苗均由实生苗和萌蘖苗组成;随着幼苗年龄的增长,四个生境中实生幼苗的密度越来越低,且不同龄级间存在显著性差异,且实生苗的最高年龄结构为5 a。高度小于1.0 m的根萌苗的密度除樱桃李+核桃+准噶尔山楂群落中最低外,在其他群落生境类型中都比较高。在同一群落生境类型中,根萌苗的密度在不同高度级间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。各生境中野生樱桃李不同龄级实生苗幼苗间的转化率差异除野生樱桃李单优群落生境中存在显著差异外,其他生境中不同龄级间实生幼苗的转化率均无显著性差异。根萌苗在不同龄级间差异不显著,且各龄级间的转化率在不同生境间也无显著性差异。野生樱桃李的根萌苗主要分散在以母树为中心的0.20~1.60 m,占总无性系分株的92.0%。【结论】现阶段野生樱桃李通过种子萌发实现种群的更新具有较大的风险,而萌生苗比实生苗的作用更大。研究为伊犁野果林典型生态系统的恢复与保育技术提供理论基础。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the seedling composition and renewal characteristics of Prunus divaricata in different habitats, so as to provide theoretical basis and research basis for population recovery and conservation. 【Method】 The natural wild cherry Li Lin was distributed in the inversion zone of Daxigou piedmont in Huocheng County of Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The natural regeneration characteristics and influencing factors of wild cherry plum were surveyed and analyzed by the sample-line method. 【Result】 The results showed that seedlings of wild cherry plum in different habitats consisted of seedlings and sprout tillers. With the increase of seedling age, the density of seedlings in four habitats was getting lower and lower, and there were significant differences among different ages , And the highest age structure of seedlings is 5 a. The density of root sprouts less than 1.0 m in height was the highest in all habitats except for the lowest in cherry, walnut and Junggar hawthorn communities. In the same habitat type, the density of root sprouts showed significant difference at different height levels (P <0.05). The differences in the transformation rates of seedlings of wild cherry plum seedlings from different habitats in each habitat were not significant except that in the single-leaf community of the wild cherry plum, there were no significant differences in the transformation rates of the seedlings in the different habitats. There was no significant difference in root sprouting seedlings between different age classes, and there was no significant difference in the conversion rates among different habitats. The root sprouts of wild cherry plum were mainly distributed in the mother trees as the center of 0.20 ~ 1.60 m, accounting for 92.0% of the total clonal ramets. 【Conclusion】 At this stage, wild cherry plum has a greater risk of population regeneration through seed germination, while sprouting has more effect than seedling. The research provides the theoretical basis for the restoration and conservation techniques of the typical ecosystem of the wild berries in Ili.