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目的对一起食源性疾病的样本进行相关微生物学检验,确定该起疾病的致病菌。方法采集患者的呕吐物、粪便和剩余食物样本,依据GB 4789和WS/T 9—1996方法进行病原菌分离、鉴定后,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对金黄色葡萄球菌分离株进行肠毒素检测,应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)方法对奇异变形杆菌分离株进行检测分析,确定是否为同源菌株。结果在剩余食物和3位患者的粪便中检出金黄色葡萄球菌和奇异变形杆菌。ELISA结果表明剩余食物与所有患者的粪便样本检出的金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素类型相同,为A型、D型、E型肠毒素。剩余食物与3号患者的粪便样本检出的奇异变形杆菌PFGE图谱相似,具有同源性,与另两位患者有差异。结论该起食源性疾病由金黄色葡球菌和奇异变形杆菌共同引起。PFGE方法可有效应用于食源性疾病的溯源分析及分子流行病学调查。
OBJECTIVE To carry out relevant microbiological tests on samples of foodborne diseases and identify the pathogenic bacteria that cause the disease. Methods Vomitus samples, stool samples and remaining food samples of patients were collected and pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified according to GB 4789 and WS / T 9-1996 methods. After being identified, the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were subjected to enterotoxigenic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Detection, application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method for the detection of Proteus mirabilis isolates to determine whether the homologous strains. Results Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis were detected in the remaining food and in feces of 3 patients. The results of ELISA showed that the remaining food was of the same type as Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin detected in the stool samples of all patients and was Type A, Type D, Type E enterotoxins. The remaining food was similar to the PFGE pattern of Proteus mirabilis detected in the stool samples of patient No. 3, which was homologous to the other two patients. Conclusion The foodborne illness is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. PFGE method can be effectively applied to traceability analysis of foodborne diseases and molecular epidemiological investigation.