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It的用法是高考中的常考点。下面结合全国各地考题，就it的四大热门考点进行归纳。
热门考点一：it用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事情，性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物。如：
My key is missing. I can’t find it anywhere.我的钥匙不见了，哪里都找不到它。（代指钥匙）
【真题回放】
1.（2008年广东卷）It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
答案：it
解析：代指前文中的（how）to help his crop grow up quickly。
2.（2010年广东卷）Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 ?”
答案：it
解析：指前文提到的“水”（the water）。
热门考点二：it作形式主语，it作形式主语时没有具体意义，只是把真正的主语移至句子后面，以避免头重脚轻。移至句子后面的主语可以是不定式、动名词或从句。
1. 代替动词不定式作句子的形式主语。
结构：It be 形容词 for/of sb. to do sth
例如：It is important to keep fit. 保持健康很重要。
【真题回放】
(2009年广东卷)Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
答案：it
解析：在宾语从句中用作形式主语，代替不定式“to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father”。
2. 代替动名词做形式主语。
结构：It be no 名词 v-ing sth.能用于这个句型的名词主要有use（效用），good（好处），worth（价值）等。
例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
【真题回放】
(2007全国7)____________felt funny watching myself on TV.
A. One B. This C. It D. That
答案: C
解析: it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词短语watching myself on TV。
3. 代替从句作形式主语。
结构:It’s a pity (a shame, a fact, an honor, a wonder, one’s duty, etc.)that...
It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural, clear, possible, etc.)that...
It is said (decided, expected, reported, believed, hoped, announced, known, suggested, etc.) that...
例如：It’s a pity that you didn’t pass the exam.你考试不及格真是遗憾。
【真题回放】
(2006浙江)____________is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
答案: D
解析: 本句考查从句的用法。根据句子结构，that引导的从句为主语从句，作真正主语，因此前边应有形式主语，而形式主语只能用it，不能用this或that。
热门考点三：it做形式宾语，当不定式、动名词或从句在句中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。it做形式宾语有以下几种情况：
1. 作某些动词（如make, think, find, consider, feel, suppose等）的形式宾语，其后通常有形容词或名词作宾补。例如：
He found it pleasant that he worked with us Chinese. 他发现与中国人一起工作很愉快。
【真题回放】
(2011年天津卷）We feel ____________our duty to make our country a better place.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
答案：A
解析：it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to make our country a better place”。
(2011年山东卷) The two girls are so alike that strangers find ____________difficult to tell one from the other.
A. it B. them C. her D. that
答案：A
解析：it是形式宾语，代指真正的宾语“to tell one from the other”。
(2005全国Ⅰ卷)The chairman thought ____________necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A. that B. it C. this D. him
答案：B
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to invite...meeting”。
(2006湖南卷)As the busiest woman in Norton，she made ____________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
答案：D
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town”。
(2011年江西卷）Why don’t you bring ____________to his attention that you’re too ill to work on?
A. that B. it C. his D. him
答案：B
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
(2007年天津卷)He didn’t make ____________clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
答案：C
解析：it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “when and where the meeting would be held”。
2. 某些表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词（如 like, enjoy, love, prefer, hate, appreciate等）往往用it做形式宾语，再跟上if /when等引导的宾语从句。
例如：I don’t like it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.我不喜欢妈妈要我吃鸡蛋。
【真题回放】
1. (2006山东卷) I’d appreciate ____________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
答案：B
解析：it作appreciate的形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “if you would like to teach me how to use the computer”。
热门考点四：it用于强调结构中。
结构：it is （was） 被强调部分 that（who） 其他部分
此结构强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语等，不能是定语或谓语，强调人时可用who或that，强调其他成分一律用that。如：
It was three years ago that I joined the army.我是三年前参军的。
【真题回放】
(2007江西卷)I don’t mind her criticizing me，but ____________is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
答案：A
解析：构成强调句型，被强调部分是宾语从句。
(2011年陕西卷)It is not how much we do but how much we put into what we do ____________benefits our work most.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
答案：C
解析：构成强调句型，强调 “not how much we do but how much we put into what we do”。
(2011年四川卷)Was it on a lonely island ____________he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where B. that C. which D. what
答案：B
解析：此句是强调句的疑问句式，强调的成分是状语 “on a lonely island”。
(作者单位：惠州市博罗杨侨中学)
责任编校 蒋小青
热门考点一：it用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事情，性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物。如：
My key is missing. I can’t find it anywhere.我的钥匙不见了，哪里都找不到它。（代指钥匙）
【真题回放】
1.（2008年广东卷）It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
答案：it
解析：代指前文中的（how）to help his crop grow up quickly。
2.（2010年广东卷）Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 ?”
答案：it
解析：指前文提到的“水”（the water）。
热门考点二：it作形式主语，it作形式主语时没有具体意义，只是把真正的主语移至句子后面，以避免头重脚轻。移至句子后面的主语可以是不定式、动名词或从句。
1. 代替动词不定式作句子的形式主语。
结构：It be 形容词 for/of sb. to do sth
例如：It is important to keep fit. 保持健康很重要。
【真题回放】
(2009年广东卷)Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
答案：it
解析：在宾语从句中用作形式主语，代替不定式“to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father”。
2. 代替动名词做形式主语。
结构：It be no 名词 v-ing sth.能用于这个句型的名词主要有use（效用），good（好处），worth（价值）等。
例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
【真题回放】
(2007全国7)____________felt funny watching myself on TV.
A. One B. This C. It D. That
答案: C
解析: it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词短语watching myself on TV。
3. 代替从句作形式主语。
结构:It’s a pity (a shame, a fact, an honor, a wonder, one’s duty, etc.)that...
It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural, clear, possible, etc.)that...
It is said (decided, expected, reported, believed, hoped, announced, known, suggested, etc.) that...
例如：It’s a pity that you didn’t pass the exam.你考试不及格真是遗憾。
【真题回放】
(2006浙江)____________is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
答案: D
解析: 本句考查从句的用法。根据句子结构，that引导的从句为主语从句，作真正主语，因此前边应有形式主语，而形式主语只能用it，不能用this或that。
热门考点三：it做形式宾语，当不定式、动名词或从句在句中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。it做形式宾语有以下几种情况：
1. 作某些动词（如make, think, find, consider, feel, suppose等）的形式宾语，其后通常有形容词或名词作宾补。例如：
He found it pleasant that he worked with us Chinese. 他发现与中国人一起工作很愉快。
【真题回放】
(2011年天津卷）We feel ____________our duty to make our country a better place.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
答案：A
解析：it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to make our country a better place”。
(2011年山东卷) The two girls are so alike that strangers find ____________difficult to tell one from the other.
A. it B. them C. her D. that
答案：A
解析：it是形式宾语，代指真正的宾语“to tell one from the other”。
(2005全国Ⅰ卷)The chairman thought ____________necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A. that B. it C. this D. him
答案：B
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to invite...meeting”。
(2006湖南卷)As the busiest woman in Norton，she made ____________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
答案：D
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town”。
(2011年江西卷）Why don’t you bring ____________to his attention that you’re too ill to work on?
A. that B. it C. his D. him
答案：B
解析：it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
(2007年天津卷)He didn’t make ____________clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
答案：C
解析：it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “when and where the meeting would be held”。
2. 某些表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词（如 like, enjoy, love, prefer, hate, appreciate等）往往用it做形式宾语，再跟上if /when等引导的宾语从句。
例如：I don’t like it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.我不喜欢妈妈要我吃鸡蛋。
【真题回放】
1. (2006山东卷) I’d appreciate ____________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
答案：B
解析：it作appreciate的形式宾语，真正的宾语是 “if you would like to teach me how to use the computer”。
热门考点四：it用于强调结构中。
结构：it is （was） 被强调部分 that（who） 其他部分
此结构强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语等，不能是定语或谓语，强调人时可用who或that，强调其他成分一律用that。如：
It was three years ago that I joined the army.我是三年前参军的。
【真题回放】
(2007江西卷)I don’t mind her criticizing me，but ____________is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
答案：A
解析：构成强调句型，被强调部分是宾语从句。
(2011年陕西卷)It is not how much we do but how much we put into what we do ____________benefits our work most.
A. who B. which C. that D. what
答案：C
解析：构成强调句型，强调 “not how much we do but how much we put into what we do”。
(2011年四川卷)Was it on a lonely island ____________he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where B. that C. which D. what
答案：B
解析：此句是强调句的疑问句式，强调的成分是状语 “on a lonely island”。
(作者单位：惠州市博罗杨侨中学)
责任编校 蒋小青