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目的探讨流动人口艾滋病预防对策,控制艾滋病从高危人群向一般人群传播。方法选取广州市番禺区工厂外来务工的流动人口作为调查对象,对该人群进行干预前后基线调查和评估调查,采用SPSS11.0对数据进行统计分析。结果共发放调查问卷400份,干预前回收有效问卷389份,干预后回收有效问卷391份。被调查者对“蚊虫叮咬会得艾滋病吗”的回答正确率从干预前的32.5%上升到干预后的94.1%,“轻视艾滋病病人”态度的正确率从干预前的58.2%上升到干预后的96.2%,对“艾滋病儿童可以同其他孩子一起上学、玩耍”的正确回答率从干预前的52.3%上升到干预后的80.8%,安全套的正确使用率从干预前的57.5%上升到干预后的95.7%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论干预后该目标人群对H IV/AIDS相关知识、态度、行为的认知水平有明显提高。通过对流动人口进行艾滋病知识的健康教育是一种投资低、收效好的方法,适合流动人口这一特殊群体,值得在更大范围内推广。
Objective To explore AIDS prevention measures for floating population and to control the spread of AIDS from the high-risk population to the general population. Methods The floating population of migrant workers in factories in Panyu District, Guangzhou was selected as the survey object. The baseline survey and evaluation survey were conducted before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS11.0. Results A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, 389 valid questionnaires were collected before intervention, and 391 valid questionnaires were recovered after intervention. The respondents’ correct answer rate of “mosquito bites will get AIDS” increased from 32.5% before intervention to 94.1% after intervention, and the correct rate of “contempt for AIDS patients” increased from 58.2% before intervention To the 96.2% after intervention, the correct answer rate of “AIDS children can go to school with other children, play ” increased from 52.3% before intervention to 80.8% after intervention, and the correct use rate of condoms increased from 57.5 before intervention % To 95.7% after intervention, the difference was statistically significant (both P <0.01 or P <0.05). Conclusion The cognitive level of H IV / AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of this target population is significantly increased after intervention. Health education on HIV / AIDS through floating population is a low-investment and effective method that is suitable for this special group of floating population and deserves wider promotion.