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1983年,美国哈佛大学心理学家霍华德.加德纳在其出版的《智力的结构》一书中提出了多元智力理论。该理论对智力进行了全新的阐释,认为智力的基本性质是多元的-不是一种能力而是一组能力,其基本结构也是多元的-各种能力不是以整合的形式存在,而是以相对独立的形式存在。人类至少存在七种智能:语言智能、数理逻辑智能、空间智能、身体运动智能、音乐智能、人际交往智能和自我认识智能(后又加入自然智能)。
In 1983, Howard Gardner, a psychologist at Harvard University in the United States, proposed the theory of multiple intelligences in his book The Structure of Intelligence. The theory of intelligence has been completely new interpretation, that the basic nature of intelligence is diverse - not a capacity but a group of capabilities, the basic structure is also diverse - not all kinds of capabilities exist in an integrated form, but in relative Independent form exists. There are at least seven kinds of human intelligence: linguistic intelligence, mathematical logic intelligence, spatial intelligence, body movement intelligence, music intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and self-awareness intelligence (after which natural intelligence is added).