现代化是一个含义深刻、层次广泛的概念 ,对于什么是现代化及其实质、层次等问题 ,目前史学界仍分歧大于共识。但是 ,以现代化为视角研究中国近代史已被一些史学工作者所接受并实践。本文以现代化为主线略论中国近代史研究中的一些问题 ,如现代化与民主革命的关系、在现代化追求中学习西方与反抗侵略的关系、以现代化理论克服以往中国近代史研究中的主观情绪等。关于中国近代史的主要线索问题 ,曾在 2 0世纪 80年代引起过旷日持久的争论 ,这一悬案至今没有真正解决。为此 ,本文略做述论 ,试图对这一问题有所解释 Modernization is a profound concept with a wide range of levels. Currently, there are still many differences between the historians in the history and the consensus on what is the modernization and its essence and level. However, studying modern Chinese history from the perspective of modernization has been accepted and practiced by some historians. This article, based on the modernization, briefly discusses some issues in the study of modern Chinese history, such as the relationship between modernization and democratic revolution, the relationship between Western learning and resistance against aggression in the pursuit of modernization, and the subjective sentiment in the history of modern Chinese history through the modernization theory . The main clues to the recent history of China sparked protracted controversy in the 1980s, and so far this outstanding case has not been solved. To this end, this article is a bit brief, trying to explain this issue