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以往通过候选基因分析和数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)连锁分析等策略使我们对一些基因的功能有了一定了解,但是很多控制畜禽经济性状的基因还无法分离和鉴定。随着高通量测序技术的不断发展以及人类全基因组计划(human genome project,HGP)和许多动植物的全基因组测序完成,全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)已经成为研究复杂性状的重要方法。文章针对GWAS在重要畜种复杂经济性状中的研究进展进行综述,梳理了近几年在动物经济性状研究中利用GWAS取得的成果,并且对GWAS研究策略与方法进行了归纳总结,旨在利用GWAS为畜禽复杂性状的遗传基础研究提供参考,同时为今后的动物育种工作奠定基础。
In the past, strategies such as the analysis of candidate genes and the linkage analysis of quantitative trait locus (QTL) allowed us to understand the function of some genes. However, many genes that control the economic traits of livestock and poultry can not be isolated and identified. With the continuous development of high-throughput sequencing technology and the completion of human genome project (HGP) and genome-wide sequencing of many plants and animals, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) The important method. In this paper, we summarized the progress of GWAS in the complex economic traits of important livestock breeds, reviewed the achievements of GWAS in the study of animal economic traits in recent years, and summarized the research methods and methods of GWAS in order to make use of GWAS Provide a reference for the genetic basis of complex traits of livestock and poultry, and lay the foundation for future animal breeding.