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威廉·戈尔丁的小说《蝇王》是一部现代寓言。作者揭示了人类本性中黑暗的一面。经研究发现小说中有一条连接整个内容的主线——秩序与反秩序。整个故事情节就是在“维持秩序”和“打破秩序”的较量中展开的。小说中两派的孩子一次又一次的较量,揭示了作者威廉·戈尔丁摇摆不定的秩序观。戈尔丁似乎一直在思想上在秩序与反秩序之间作着斗争。他认为“恶”存在于每个人身上,它是反秩序的根源。所以,他对人类的本性持有极为悲观的看法,但是,拉尔夫的获救表明了戈尔丁对人类并没有完全的绝望,这是他对人类保持的一线希望。因此,可以说戈尔丁是一位悲观的乐观主义者。
William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies is a modern allegory. The author reveals the dark side of human nature. The study found that the novel has a main line connecting the entire content - order and anti-order. The whole story is in the contest of “maintaining order” and “breaking order”. Again and again the children of the two factions in the novel contest reveal the unstable order view of the author William Golding. Golding seems to have been struggling ideologically between order and anti-order. He believes that “evil ” exists in everyone, it is the root cause of anti-order. Therefore, he holds a very pessimistic view of human nature. However, Ralf’s rescue shows that Golding did not completely despair of mankind. This is a glimmer of hope he has maintained for mankind. Therefore, Golding can be said to be a pessimistic optimist.