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1.引言为满足人们日常生活、生产、娱乐的需要,在城市中建设了各种各样的基础设施,如商店、厂房、办公楼、住房、道路、管网等。城市人口的迅速增长和人们对美好生活的追求,导致了对公交、铁路、飞机、汽车和地铁的更大需求,生产、物流、运输和废物排放的更大规模,以及各种类型服务设施,如商场、银行、排污、通讯、数据中心、医疗和养老等设施的建立。于是,城市迅速扩张,城市物理系统变得愈加复杂。如果城市规划与管理不当,就必然会出现交通拥堵、环境污染、居民
1. INTRODUCTION To meet the needs of people’s daily life, production and entertainment, various infrastructures such as shops, factories, office buildings, housing, roads and pipe networks have been built in the cities. The rapid growth of the urban population and the pursuit of a better life lead to greater demand for buses, railways, airplanes, cars and subways, a larger scale of production, logistics, transport and waste discharges, as well as various types of service facilities, Such as shopping malls, banks, sewage, communications, data centers, medical and pension facilities such as the establishment. As a result, the rapid expansion of cities has made the urban physical system more complex. If the city planning and management is not properly, there will inevitably be traffic jams, environmental pollution, residents