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识字活动是一种自主学习的过程,一方面要根据儿童心理规律,依照汉字本身的规律,让儿童用自己感兴趣的方法识字。另一方面,要使学生在反复实践中,在语言的感悟、积累和运用中逐渐形成适合自己的学习方法,打下扎实的语文基础,积累学习语文的后劲。《语文课程标准》对各学段也提出了明确的识字要求,明晰地体现出向独立识字发展的方向。标准指出:“喜欢学习汉字,有主动识字的愿望。”“对学习汉字有浓厚的兴趣,养成主动识字的习惯”。要想达到这一目标,就要求广大教师密切联系学生生活实际,积极创造灵活的、多样的教学手段,激发学生的识字兴趣,让学生在自主学习的基础上,注重多种感观的参与,以达到有效识字的目的。这也是我们所倡导的识字方法的开放,即识字方法的巧妙运用,变被动识字为主动识字。
Literacy is an autonomous learning process, on the one hand according to the psychological laws of children, according to the laws of Chinese characters, let children use their own way of understanding literacy. On the other hand, it is necessary for students to gradually form a suitable learning method in their practice of sentiment, accumulation and application of language, lay down a solid foundation of Chinese language and accumulate their stamina for learning Chinese. The Chinese Curriculum Standards also set forth clear literacy requirements for each of the segments, clearly demonstrating the direction of development towards independent literacy. The standard states: “Love to learn Chinese characters, the desire to take the initiative to read. ” “Have a strong interest in learning Chinese characters, develop the habit of literacy.” In order to achieve this goal, teachers are required to closely relate with students’ actual life and actively create flexible and diversified teaching methods to stimulate their interest in literacy. Students should pay attention to the participation of multiple senses on the basis of independent study, In order to achieve the purpose of effective literacy. This is also the openness of the literacy method we advocate, that is, the clever use of literacy methods and the change of passive literacy to active literacy.