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[目的]探讨出生前接触酒精对新生大鼠大脑皮质发育中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及其受体酪氨酸激酶受体B(TrkB)水平的影响.[方法]选择SD母鼠,酒精组母鼠每日摄取热量为35cal的酒精,正常对照组母鼠每日摄取与酒精组相等热量的奶粉(含质量分数为8%的糖),代理母组给予普通大鼠饲料.酒精组和正常对照组母鼠分娩6h后与其子鼠分开,麻醉后心脏采血,检测血液中乙醇和甲状腺素水平.酒精组及正常对照组新生子鼠由代理母组的代理母鼠养育,并分别于出生后0,7,14,21,28d(P0,P7,P14,P21,P28)时麻醉处死,采用免疫组织化学ABC染色法在大脑皮质中观察含有BDNF和TrkB的神经细胞的分布及形态,并采用ELISA法检测大脑中BDNF含量.[结果]酒精组母鼠血液中酒精水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05);而酒精组母鼠血液中甲状腺素含量显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05).正常对照组新生子鼠P7始在大脑皮质中可观察到长而明显突起的成熟的含有BDNF和TrkB的神经细胞;酒精组新生子鼠大脑皮质中始终未出现具有明显突起的成熟的含有BDNF和TrkB的神经细胞.酒精组新生子鼠出生后各时期大脑中BDNF蛋白含量均较正常对照组明显减少(P<0.05),P14时较正常对照组显著减少(P<0.000 1).[结论]大鼠母鼠孕期摄取酒精时引起血液中甲状腺素含量减少,还可导致其后代大脑皮质发育中BDNF和TrkB的合成障碍,进而导致大脑发育异常.
[Objective] To investigate the effect of prenatal exposure to alcohol on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) in neonatal rats. [Methods] , Alcohol group rats daily intake of calories for the 35cal alcohol, normal control group female rats daily intake of alcohol and the same calorie milk powder (containing 8% of the sugar content), the agent group to give ordinary rat feed alcohol The rats in the control group and the normal control group were separated from their offspring 6 hours after delivery and the blood samples were collected after anesthesia, and the levels of alcohol and thyroxine in the blood were measured.The neonatal rats in the alcohol group and the normal control group were nourished by the proxy mother rats At 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 d after birth (P0, P7, P14, P21, P28), anesthesia was performed and the distribution and morphology of neuronal cells containing BDNF and TrkB were observed in the cerebral cortex by immunohistochemical ABC staining , And the contents of BDNF in the brain were detected by ELISA. [Results] The blood alcohol level in the alcohol group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P <0.05), while that in the alcohol group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P <0.05) .The normal control group of neonatal P7 began in the cerebral cortex , Mature BDNF and TrkB-containing neurons were observed in the long and obvious neurons, and mature neuronal cells containing BDNF and TrkB with obvious prominences were not found in the cerebral cortex of alcoholic neonatal rats. The levels of BDNF protein in the brain at all stages were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P <0.05), and significantly decreased at P14 (P <0.000 1). [Conclusion] Reduced thyroxine levels can also lead to the synthesis of BDNF and TrkB in the cortex of their offspring, which can lead to abnormalities in brain development.