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據有關學者的專題研究,中國上古刑罰的原始意義和機能,在于把惡人逐出社會①。這應是中國法源意義上的一個特點,但這裏似乎還可以補出相應的另外的一個方面,即維護部族共同體的團結。因為說到底,將惡人逐出社會,最終目的不外乎通過純潔部族社會,增強族群共同體的凝聚力。 在《尚書》文獻系統裏,我們看到將惡人逐出社會,可以概括為兩個類型:一個是精神上的放逐,即斷絕其與上天的聯系;一個是肉體上的放
According to the scholars’ special studies, the original meaning and function of the ancient penalty in China lies in expelling the wicked from society. This should be a feature of China’s legal system, but it seems that there is a corresponding additional aspect that can be drawn up to safeguard the unity of the tribal community. In the final analysis, the ultimate goal of removing the wicked from the community is nothing more than enhancing the cohesion of ethnic communities through a purely tribal society. In the “Shangshu” literature system, we see that expelling the wicked out of society can be summed up in two types: one is mental exile, that is, the disconnection from God; the other is the physical release