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美国人民尚新,有创新精神。美国国内情况变化得也快,二次大战后美国科技发展更迅猛,社会变化更快,反映在文学艺术里,就是新流派不断诞生,新趋势不断出现。战前,新批评派文艺理论在美国文坛尚能称霸数十年,而在战后,结构主义很快让位给解构主义,不久接受美学(也即读者反应论)又取而代之。随着60年代女权运动的兴起,还产生“女权主义批评”和“新女权主义批评”。最新的文艺理论之一是所谓新历史主义或文化唯物主义,它用唯物主义的历史观探索文化,很值得注意。在诗歌运动中,黑山派、垮掉派、自白派,新超现实主义、战斗
The American people are still new and innovative. The situation in the United States has changed even faster. After the Second World War, the development of science and technology in the United States was even more rapid and social changes were faster. Reflected in the literature and art, the new schools were constantly emerging and new trends emerged. Before the war, the new critics of literary theory could still dominate the literary world in the United States for decades. After the war, structuralism quickly gave way to deconstruction and was soon replaced by aesthetics (also known as reader reaction theory). With the rise of the feminist movement in the 1960s, “feminist criticism” and “neo-feminist criticism” have also emerged. One of the latest literary theories is so-called neo-historicism or cultural materialism. It explores culture with the materialist conception of history and is worth noting. In the poetry movement, the Montenegrin school, the Beat School, the Confederacy, the new surrealism and fighting