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张九成作为杨时高弟,二程再传,是两宋之际复振洛学的中流砥柱,然因朱子为清理门户、建构道统而对其予以严苛批判致使其在学术史上暗而不彰,遮蔽对其思想特质的厘定。回到具体文本和历史语境下,张九成实际上是接续和推阐两宋之际道学的核心话语,主张以心为本,万物皆由心出,以及通过收缩到意识之内的内向、简约工夫回归形上本体之心,在理学的范式内,开出新的面向,从本体到心性,再到工夫建构出近乎圆融的心学雏形。
Zhang Jiucheng, as the younger brother of Yang Shizhen and the re-transmission of the Cheng-two rebellion, was the mainstay of the rehabilitation of Losaros at the time of the Song Dynasty. However, due to the harsh criticism of Chu’s attempts to clear the portal and construct the Taoist tradition, Zhang Jiucheng made it dark and poor in academic history The determination of their ideological traits. Returning to the concrete texts and historical contexts, Zhang Jiucheng is actually the continuation and deduction of the core discourses of Daoism during the Song dynasties, advocating that the heart is the foundation, all things come from the mind, and by contracting inward consciousness within the consciousness Time to return to the metaphysical ontology in the paradigm of Neo-Confucianism, a new orientation, from the noumenon to the heart, and then time to construct a near-perfect shape of the heart.