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中国进入近代社会以后,在思想文化领域内兴起了一股反孔批孔的思潮。其间,以戊戌维新、辛亥革命和五四运动三个时期的反孔思潮声势最为浩大,而且一次比一次高涨,一次比一次深入。可以说,反孔思潮和资产阶级民主革命的发展是同步的。每一次反孔思潮的兴起,都是一场伟大的文化革命运动和思想解放运动,给社会各方面以强烈震撼,影响极为巨大深远。一任何一个社会思潮都不是偶然发生的,也不是突然发生的。反孔思潮也如此。孔子创立的儒学作为一种思想理论体系,其兴衰最终只能从它与社会存在的关系,从社会经济基础和政治制度的变动来说明。儒学随着奴隶制的崩溃、封建的产生而创立,随着封建制的发展而兴盛,又随着封建制的没落而衰微。
After China entered the modern society, there emerged an ideological and cultural wave of anti-Confucianism. In the meantime, the momentum of anti-Confucianism in the three periods of reform of 1898, the Revolution of 1911 and the May 4th Movement was the greatest. And it was surging once and again and again and again. It can be said that the trend of opposing Confucianism is in sync with the development of the bourgeois democratic revolution. Every rise of anti-Confucianism is a great cultural and revolutionary movement and an ideological liberation movement, which has strongly shocked all sectors of society and has a tremendous and far-reaching impact. A social trend of thought is neither accidental nor sudden. Anti-Confucianism as well. Confucius, founded by Confucius, as an ideological and theoretical system, whose rise and fall can only be explained by its relationship with social existence and changes in social and economic foundations and political system. With the collapse of slavery and the emergence of feudalism, Confucianism flourished with the development of feudalism and declined with the decline of feudalism.