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目的对卷丹Lilium lancifolium的鳞茎进行甾体皂苷和酚类成分及其体外抗氧化活性研究。方法应用多种柱色谱(包括正相、反相和凝胶柱色谱)分离和波谱分析方法对卷丹进行分离和结构鉴定,采用ABTS自由基和DPPH自由基清除法对化合物的抗氧化活性进行筛选研究。结果从卷丹中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为顺-1-O-对香豆酰基甘油酯(1)、反-1-O-对香豆酰基甘油酯(2)、咖啡酰基甘油酯(3)、3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(4)、邻羟基苯甲酸(5)、(25R,26R)-26甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-葡萄糖-(1→6)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、(25R,26R)-3β,17α-羟基-26甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-葡萄糖-(1→6)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、薯蓣皂苷元3-O-{O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-木糖基(1→3)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷}(8)、(25R)-3β,17α-二羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、(25R)-3β-羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、(25R)-螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)]β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)。体外抗氧化活性实验结果显示酚类化合物1～5对ABTS和DPPH自由基清除作用较强,抗氧化活性较强;而甾体皂苷类抗氧化活性比酚类化合物弱。结论化合物1～5和9、10为首次从该植物中分离得到。卷丹鳞茎中的酚类化合物和甾体化合物对不同自由基具有不同程度的清除作用,有一定的抗氧化活性。
OBJECTIVE To study the steroidal saponins and phenols of Lilium lancifolium bulbs and their in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods The column chromatography (including normal phase, reverse phase and gel column chromatography) separation and spectral analysis of the separation and structural identification of the razorbide, ABTS free radical scavenging DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the compounds carried out Screening studies. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from curdlan and identified as cis-1-O-para-coumaroyl glyceride (1), trans-1-O- paracerylcryloylglyceride (3) 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (4), o-hydroxybenzoic acid (5), (25R, 26R) -26 methoxypospristane- Rhamnose- (1 → 2) - [β-D-glucose- (1 → 6)] - β-D-glucoside (6), (25R, 26R) -3β, 17α-hydroxy-26 methoxy Spirostane-5-ene-3β-O-α-L-rhamnose- (1 → 2) - [β-D-glucose- (1 → 6)] - Diosgenin 3-O- {O-α-L-rhamnosyl- (1 → 2) -O- [β-D-xylosyl (1 → 3)] - β-D-glucoside} 8), (25R) -3β, 17α-dihydroxy-5α-spirostan-6-one-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl- (1 → 2) -β-D-glucoside (1 → 2) -β-D-glucoside (10), (25R) -3β-hydroxy-5α-spirostan- (25R) -spirostan-5-ene-3β-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1 → 2) - [β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6)] β-D - glucopyranoside (11). The results of in vitro antioxidant activity showed that phenolic compounds 1 ~ 5 had stronger scavenging activities on ABTS and DPPH free radicals and stronger antioxidative activity, whereas steroidal saponins exhibited weaker antioxidant activity than phenolic compounds. Conclusion Compounds 1-5 and 9, 10 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Phenanthrene and steroid compounds in Bulbophyllum bulb have different scavenging effects on different free radicals, and have certain antioxidant activity.