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近年来,恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率呈上升态势,惡性肿瘤巳成为威胁人类健康的多发病和常见病,肿瘤防治在医疗工作中益发重要。当前,临床肿瘤学正处于一个重大变革时期。进入21世纪,循证医学、诊疗规范化和个体化已成为医学界公认的趋向。因此,肿瘤预防、诊断和治疗面临重大挑战,也迎来重要机遇。对肿瘤,目前的共识为:1)绝大多数临床肿瘤是由机体细胞而来,不是外来的;2)70%~80%的肿瘤主要由环境因素引起;3)在肿瘤形成的过程中,内因很重要。目
In recent years, the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors have been on the rise. Malignant tumors have become a frequently-occurring disease and a common disease threatening human health. Cancer prevention and treatment plays an important role in medical work. Currently, clinical oncology is in a period of major changes. Into the 21st century, evidence-based medicine, diagnosis and treatment of the standardization and individualization has become a recognized trend in the medical profession. Therefore, the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tumors are facing major challenges and also present important opportunities. The current consensus for oncology is that 1) the vast majority of clinical tumors come from the body’s cells and are not exogenous; 2) 70% to 80% of the tumors are mainly caused by environmental factors; 3) in the process of tumor formation, Internal causes are important. Head