吉安太和等县为我省主产薄荷的地区,尤以吉安白沙值夏一带群众累积了丰富的经验,为发展我省中药生产,特将在吉太一带调查的栽培经验介绍如下: 一、选用良种:当地薄荷大致可分为两种品种,一是小叶种,一是大叶种,小叶种生长较旺,茎叶繁茂,产量高,油分也高,特别是油的质量很好,在伏天也能结晶;大叶种产量低,油分低,油的质量也较差,不易结晶,故当地农民多栽培小叶种。解放前由于耕作管理不善,每亩约收干茎叶400斤左右,可蒸馏薄荷油1.2斤,目前一般可收干茎叶600斤左右。二、培育壮苗:薄荷为宿根植物,一般多用根进行繁殖。培育壮苗首先是选留好薄荷兜,卽在头年秋季选择生长良好产量较高的薄荷,收获时齐地面割去茎叶,保留地下部分,并略复土壅兜保护越冬供来年 Taihe County in Ji’an County is the main mint producing area in our province, especially in the area of ​​Ji’an Baisha, where people have accumulated rich experience. In order to develop the production of traditional Chinese medicine in our province, the cultivation experience of special survey in Jitai area is described as follows: Selection of fine varieties: Local mint can be roughly divided into two varieties, one is leaflet, the other is big leaf, leaflet grows more prosperous, stems and leaves are luxuriant, yield is high, oil is high, especially oil is of good quality. Futian can also crystallize; large-leaf species have low yields, low oil content, poor oil quality, and are not easy to crystallize, so local farmers tend to cultivate small leaf species. Before liberation, due to poor management of farming, about 400 pounds of dry stems and leaves per acre was harvested, and 1.2 kg of peppermint oil could be distilled. Currently, about 600 pounds of dried stems and leaves are generally available. Second, nurturing strong seedlings: Mint is a perennial plant, generally more use of roots for breeding. Fostering strong seedlings is the first choice to leave a good peppermint pocket. In the fall of the first year, you choose to grow a good yield of mint, cut the stems and leaves at the time of harvest, keep the underground part, and slightly protect the earth to protect the winter for the coming year