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[目的]研究植烟土壤p H分布特征与主要养分的关系。[方法]采集大理市43套植烟土壤样品进行检测。[结果]大理市植烟土壤p H值平均为6.52,适宜烤烟生产的土壤样品占样品总数的72.09%。在4种植烟土壤类型中,p H的高低顺序依次为新积土>水稻土>紫色土>红壤。在1 780~2 200 m海拔范围,土壤p H值表现出逐渐降低的趋势。土壤有机质含量整体处于较丰富的水平,能够满足优质烤烟生产;土壤碱解氮、速效磷、交换性钙和交换性镁的平均含量均处于中等及偏丰富的水平,但分别有6.98%、11.63%、2.33%和4.65%的土壤养分还处于偏低水平;土壤速效钾含量偏低的土壤比例较大为58.14%。[结论]土壤p H值与交换性钙、交换性镁含量呈极显著相关,与其它土壤养分含量无显著相关性。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the relationship between p H distribution characteristics and main nutrients in tobacco soil. [Method] 43 sets of tobacco soil samples collected from Dali City were tested. [Result] The p H value of tobacco planting soil in Dali City was 6.52 on average, and the soil samples suitable for flue-cured tobacco accounted for 72.09% of the total samples. Among the four tobacco-planting soil types, the order of p H was new fill soil> paddy soil> purple soil> red soil. In the range of 1 780-2 200 m, soil p H value showed a trend of decreasing gradually. The content of soil organic matter was relatively high at the whole level, which could meet the requirements of high-quality flue-cured tobacco production. The average content of soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were both moderate and partial rich, but 6.98%, 11.63 %, 2.33% and 4.65% of the soil nutrients are still at low levels; soil available potassium content is relatively low proportion of 58.14% of the soil. [Conclusion] There was a significant correlation between soil p H and exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium, but not with other soil nutrients.