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电场穿透现象是太阳风与行星电离层-磁层系统相互作用所产生的一种全球尺度电离层扰动现象.无论是对于有内禀磁层的地球,还是无内禀磁层的金星和火星,太阳风电场都能耦合进入其电离层.在21世纪的前14年,人们在电场穿透的机理、效应、观测特征等多方面取得较多成果.本文主要梳理3个方面的进展:(1)穿透电场的驱动过程及观测特征;(2)穿透电场对中低纬电离层等离子分布的影响;(3)穿透电场对赤道扩展F层的形成与演化的影响.总体来看,对于电场穿透理解的深化有赖于将来观测网络的扩大与观测手段的强化.
The phenomenon of electric field penetration is a global scale ionospheric disturbance caused by the interaction between the solar wind and the planetary ionosphere-magnetosphere system.Whether there is Venus and Mars with no intrinsic magnetosphere, Solar wind farms can be coupled into the ionosphere.In the first 14 years of the 21st century, people made more achievements in the mechanism, effect and observational characteristics of electric field penetration.This paper mainly reviews the progress in three aspects: (1) (2) the influence of the penetrating electric field on the ionospheric plasma distribution in the middle and low latitudes; (3) the influence of the penetrating electric field on the formation and evolution of the equatorial spreading F-layer. In general, The deepening of the understanding of electric field penetration depends on the expansion of observation network and the enhancement of observation means in the future.