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目的分析高原地区和平原地区慢性牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,P.gingivalis)Fimbrilline(fimA)基因分型的差异。方法采用分层抽样方法选取高原人群(海拔3 700 m,高原组)和平原人群(海拔400 m,平原组)各80例慢性牙周炎患者。采用16S rRNA PCR法分别检测高原和平原组慢性牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中的P.gingivalis,应用fimA基因引物特异性的PCR方法对P.gingivalis阳性样本进行基因分型检测。结果高原组检测出P.gingivalis77例,平原组检测出70例,高原组检出率高于平原组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高原组牙周炎P.gingivalis各fimA基因型总检出率:Ⅰ型27例(35.1%),Ⅰb型24例(31.2%),Ⅱ型66例(85.7%),Ⅲ型10例(13.0%),Ⅳ型16例(20.8%),Ⅴ型未检出,其中,ⅡfimA型的检出率最高,与其他各型比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);平原组样本中,Ⅰ型13例(18.6%),Ⅰb型21例(30.0%),Ⅱ型39例(55.7%),Ⅲ型8例(11.4%),Ⅳ型19例(27.1%),Ⅴ型未检出,其中,ⅡfimA型的检出率最高,与其他各型比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与平原组ⅡfimA型基因的检出率比较,高原组的检出率更高(P<0.05)。结论高原组龈下菌斑中P.gingivalis的fimA基因型以Ⅱ型为主,且检出率高于平原组,但同时存在多态性,可能与高原地区慢性牙周炎的发生、发展关系密切。
Objective To analyze the difference of genotypes of Fimbrilline (fimA) in subgingival plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis in the plateau and plains. Methods Eighty patients with chronic periodontitis in the plateau (elevation 3 700 m, plateau) and plain (elevation 400 m, plain) were selected by stratified sampling method. The P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis in plateau and plains group was detected by 16S rRNA PCR. Genotypes of P. gingivalis positive samples were detected by PCR with fimA gene primer-specific PCR. Results There were 77 cases of P. gingivalis detected in plateau group, 70 cases in plain group, and the detection rate in plateau group was higher than that in plain group (P <0.05). The total detection rate of fimA genotypes of P.gingivalis in the plateau group was 27 cases (35.1%) of type Ⅰ, 24 cases (31.2%) of type Ⅰb, 66 cases (85.7%) of type Ⅱ and 10 %), Type Ⅳ 16 cases (20.8%), type Ⅴ was not detected, of which, Ⅱ fimA type the highest detection rate, compared with other types, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) 13 (18.6%) were type Ⅰ, 21 (30.0%) were type Ⅰb, 39 (55.7%) were type Ⅱ, 8 (11.4%) were type Ⅲ and 19 (27.1%) were type Ⅳ , Among which, the detection rate of ⅡfimA type was the highest, with statistical significance (P <0.05) compared with other types. Compared with the detection rate of type IIfimA gene in plain group, the detection rate in plateau group was higher (P <0.05). Conclusion The fimA genotypes of P.gingivalis in subgingival plaque in plateau group are mainly type Ⅱ, and the detection rate is higher than that in plains group, but there are polymorphisms at the same time, which may be related with the occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis in plateau area close.