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目的:探讨实验动物从业人员职业伤害和自我防护及焦虑、抑郁状况,并分析它们间的相关性,为其职业自我防护和心理健康提供指导。方法:采用整群抽样法,使用自制职业伤害及自我防护问卷、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)对237名实验动物从业人员的职业伤害和自我防护现状与焦虑、抑郁水平进行调查。结果:实验动物从业人员焦虑、抑郁均高于常模水平,且抑郁和焦虑状态并存的实验动物从业人员占24.9%。他们职业伤害的主要来源为物理性(接触粉尘及大小鼠的抓咬伤)、化学性(直接接触化学消毒剂或化学试剂)、生物性(接触未知病原微生物的实验动物及实验动物过敏)。“监测血清抗体水平,必要时预防接种”这一防护措施是他们最容易忽视的。他们的焦虑、抑郁与职业伤害程度呈正相关,与自我防护水平呈负相关。结论:实验动物行业管理层应重视实验动物从业人员心理状况的评估,对出现焦虑、抑郁等人员应给予必要的心理疏导,减轻其焦虑或抑郁的程度甚至让之消失,从而进一步提高其自我防护水平,以减少职业伤害的威胁。
Objective: To explore the occupational injury and self-protection and anxiety and depression status of laboratory animal practitioners and to analyze the correlation between them and provide guidance for their occupational self-protection and mental health. Methods: The occupational injury and self-protection status of 237 laboratory animal practitioners were studied by cluster sampling method, self-made occupational injury and self-protection questionnaire, Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Zung depression self-rating scale And anxiety, depression levels were investigated. Results: Anxiety and depression of laboratory animal workers were all higher than those of the norm and 24.9% of laborers were coexisting with depression and anxiety. The main sources of their occupational injuries are physical (contact with dust and rat and rat bites), chemical (direct contact with chemical disinfectants or chemical agents), biological (contact with unknown pathogenic microorganisms and laboratory animals). “Monitoring serum antibody levels, vaccinating if necessary” is the most easily overlooked protective measure. Their anxiety, depression and occupational injury were positively correlated with the degree of self-protection was negatively correlated. Conclusion: Laboratory animal industry management should pay attention to the assessment of psychological status of laboratory animals practitioners, anxiety and depression should be given the necessary psychological counseling to reduce the extent of their anxiety or depression or even to disappear, so as to further enhance their self-protection Level to reduce the threat of occupational injuries.