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目的分析安康市2015年居民期望寿命及寿命损失影响因素,为提高居民健康水平实施健康教育提供依据。方法收集安康市2015年居民死亡数据,将数据导入Excel 2007和SPSS 18.0对死亡数据进行整理,应用Excel编制期望寿命表,计算潜在寿命损失。结果安康市2015年报告死亡个案17 656人,死亡率为668.68/10万。居民期望寿命为75.27岁,其中男性期望寿命为73.09岁,女性78.02岁,死亡顺位前5位的心脏病、脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、损伤和中毒、呼吸系统疾病对居民期望寿命影响较大,去掉这些疾病后居民期望寿命可提高2.69、2.50、2.41、2.13和1.24。主要减寿顺位为损伤和中毒、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病,其减寿率(PYLLR)分别为15.97‰、11.33‰、5.32‰、4.60‰、2.44‰,男性和女性减寿顺位和全人群一致;平均减寿年数顺位前4位的为损伤和中毒、神经系统疾病、传染病、恶性肿瘤,而脑血管病、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病平均减寿年数较小。结论安康市居民寿命损伤主要以心脏病、脑血管病、恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病为主,损伤和中毒、神经系统疾病、传染病是造成青壮年早死的主要原因。应有针对性地加强健康教育工作。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of life expectancy and loss of life expectancy of residents in Ankang in 2015, and provide basis for health education to improve residents’ health. Methods Data on deaths of residents in Ankang City in 2015 were collected. The data were imported into Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0 to sort out the death data. Excel was used to prepare the life expectancy table to calculate the potential loss of life expectancy. Results Ankang reported 17,656 deaths in 2015, with a death rate of 668.68 / 100,000. Residents expect life expectancy is 75.27 years, of which male life expectancy is 73.09 years old, female 78.02 years old, the top five deaths of heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, injury and poisoning, respiratory diseases have a greater impact on residents’ life expectancy After the removal of these diseases, residents expect their life expectancy to increase by 2.69, 2.50, 2.41, 2.13 and 1.24. The main longevity reduction was injury and poisoning, malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory disease, the life expectancy reduction (PYLLR) were 15.97 ‰, 11.33 ‰, 5.32 ‰, 4.60 ‰, 2.44 ‰, male and Female longevity and the overall sequence of the same; the average number of years of longevity in the top four for the injury and poisoning, nervous system diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease, heart disease and respiratory disease average life expectancy Smaller. Conclusion The main causes of life-span injury in Ankang City are chronic non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumor. Injury and poisoning, nervous system diseases and infectious diseases are the main causes of premature death in young adults. Should be targeted to strengthen health education.