语文是以工具性为基本属性的基础学科。学生学习语文是为了提高听说读写能力,掌握表达思想的语言文字工具。而工具的获得,能力的形成,决不是单靠教师的讲授灌输所能奏效的。为此中学语文教学大纲特别强调“要引导学生下苦功学习语文”,“引导他们扎扎实实打好基础”。因此必须树立以“导”为指导的教学思想。要树立以“导”为指导的教学思想,首先必须明确“导”的目的。吕叔湘先生说:“教学,教学,要教会学生学。”叶圣陶先生说:“教是为了不教。”又说:读写教学,其目的就是使学生“自能读书”,“自能作文”。他把培养学生自学能力作了很好的比喻: Language is the basic subject of instrumental nature. Students learn Chinese to improve their listening, speaking, reading, writing, and writing skills. The acquisition of tools and the formation of abilities are by no means a result of teachers’ indoctrination alone. To this end, the Chinese language teaching syllabus for middle schools places special emphasis on “to guide students to learn hard skills” and “to guide them to lay a solid foundation”. Therefore, we must establish teaching ideas that are guided by “guidance.” To establish a teaching ideology guided by “guidance”, we must first clarify the purpose of “guidance.” Mr. Lu Shuxiang said: “Teaching and teaching should teach students how to learn.” Mr. Ye Shengtao said: “Teaching is for not teaching.” It also says: The purpose of literacy teaching is to make students “self- able to read” and “self-composing”. . He made a good metaphor for cultivating students’ self-learning skills: