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目的探讨宁波市甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)发病趋势和流行病学特征。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对宁波市1999-2008年甲肝监测资料进行分析。结果 1999-2008年甲肝发病率波动在20.53/10万～4.12/10万之间,年均发病率为9.90/10万,1999年最高,以后总体呈下降趋势;宁波市所辖11县(市、区)均有病例报告,个别县(区)发病率较高,县(区)间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);甲肝发病以20～39岁青壮年为主,占总病例数的48.87%;男性多于女性,发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);病例构成以农民为主,占总病例数的40.58%。结论近年来宁波市甲肝发病率逐年下降,维持在较低水平,甲肝防控工作效果明显,但仍需加强控制工作,保护易感人群,尤其是青壮年和农民,并需加强食品和水源的管理。
Objective To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus in Ningbo. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of hepatitis A surveillance in Ningbo City from 1999 to 2008. Results The incidence of hepatitis A fluctuated between 20.53 / 100000 and 4.12 / 100000 between 1999 and 2008, with an average annual incidence of 9.90 / 100000, the highest in 1999 and then a general downward trend. The counties under the jurisdiction of Ningbo (Districts) were higher than those in other counties (P <0.001). The incidence of hepatitis A in young adults aged 20 ~ 39 was the highest The number of cases was 48.87%. There were more males than females, with significant differences in incidence (P <0.001). The cases were dominated by peasants, accounting for 40.58% of the total number of cases. Conclusions In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis A in Ningbo has been declining year by year, maintaining a relatively low level. The effect of preventing and controlling hepatitis A is obvious. However, it is still necessary to step up control efforts to protect susceptible people, especially young adults and peasants, and to strengthen food and water resources management.