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有关技术的历史研究中,“几乎所有的历史学家(除了芒福德使用’technics’外)在描述一切技术类型(包括古代技术和现代技术、原始的制造使用活动和先进的制造使用活动、有关制造和使用人造物的知识以及人造物本身)时,都只使用’technology’这个词来一致代表。而米切姆指出,”技术并不是一个单义术语,在所有的场合中,它并不只意味着同一事物。所以,米切姆把技术划分为:作为客体的技术、作为知识的技术、作为过程的技术和作为意志的技术。
In a historical study of technology, “Almost all historians (except Mumford’s use of ’technics’) describe all types of technology, including ancient and modern technologies, original manufacturing activities, and advanced manufacturing activities , The knowledge of the making and using of artifacts, and of the artifacts themselves, are only represented in the same way using the word ’technology’, and Mitcham notes that ”technology is not a single term and, in all cases, It does not mean just the same thing. Therefore, Mitchem divided the technology into: technology as object, knowledge as technology, technology as process, and technology as will.