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中图分类号：A 文献标识码：A 文章编号：（2021）-11-099
被动语态一直是高考的重难点，但很多学生不会识别，分析，翻译，应用，其实在英语中，be和done同时出现即为英语的被动语态。
一般现在时被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态 was/were +过去分词
一般将来时被动语态 will/be going to+be+过去分词
现在进行时被动语态 am/is/are+being+过去分词
过去进行时被动语态 was/were+being+过去分词
现在完成时被动语态 has/have+been+过去分词
过去完成时被动语态 had+been+过去分词
1.He is believed by us.
am/is/are+过去分词
他被我们大家所信任。
2.The truth will be known by everyone.
will+be+过去分词
真相将被每个人所了解。
3.Some pens were bought for his children by him.
was/were+过去分词
一些笔被他买给了孩子们。
4.A doll is being made by Mary.
am/is/are+being+过去分词
一个洋娃娃正在被Mary制作。
5.The hurt player was being carried by them .
was/were+being+过去分词
伤员正被他们搬运。
6.The letter has been received by him.
has/have+been+过去分词
信已经被他收到了。
7.Ten bridges had been built by them.
had+been+过去分词
十座桥被他们修建。
补充信息：
1.不及物动词（短语）无被动语态
rise， happen， succeed， remain， take place， break out， belong to， lose heart， consist of，add up to等。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1978.
2.感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
It feels very soft.
3.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well，？badly，？easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write，read，clean，sell，wash，cook， act， iron， cut， draw， wear， open， lock， shut， dry， eat， drink等。
The books sell well.（主動句）
The meat didn’t cook well.（主动句）
3.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语（人）为主语时比较多。
I was given a present on my birthday.
如果把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，则在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词
（1.）一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，promise，sell，show，take，teach，tell等。
The book was showed to the class.
（2.）一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for，如：
build， buy， cook， cut， choose， do， fetch， find， fix， get， keep， make， order， paint， play， sing 等。
Some country music was played for us.
4.由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+介词，如：agree to，ask for， laugh at， operate on，listen to， look after， think of， talk about等。
The patient is being operated on.
及物动词+副词：如：
bring about， carry out， find out， give up， hand in， make out， pass on， point out， put away， put off， think over， turn down， work out， turn out等。
His request was turned down.
5.see， watch， hear， notice， listen to， look at， make， feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to的问题。
He is often heard to play the guitar.
6. 当主动句的主语是nobody，no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody，作by的宾语并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。
The question can not be answered by anybody.
7. 当否定句中的宾语是anything， anybody， anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别nothing，nobody，no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。
Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
被动语态一直是高考的重难点，但很多学生不会识别，分析，翻译，应用，其实在英语中，be和done同时出现即为英语的被动语态。
一般现在时被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态 was/were +过去分词
一般将来时被动语态 will/be going to+be+过去分词
现在进行时被动语态 am/is/are+being+过去分词
过去进行时被动语态 was/were+being+过去分词
现在完成时被动语态 has/have+been+过去分词
过去完成时被动语态 had+been+过去分词
1.He is believed by us.
am/is/are+过去分词
他被我们大家所信任。
2.The truth will be known by everyone.
will+be+过去分词
真相将被每个人所了解。
3.Some pens were bought for his children by him.
was/were+过去分词
一些笔被他买给了孩子们。
4.A doll is being made by Mary.
am/is/are+being+过去分词
一个洋娃娃正在被Mary制作。
5.The hurt player was being carried by them .
was/were+being+过去分词
伤员正被他们搬运。
6.The letter has been received by him.
has/have+been+过去分词
信已经被他收到了。
7.Ten bridges had been built by them.
had+been+过去分词
十座桥被他们修建。
补充信息：
1.不及物动词（短语）无被动语态
rise， happen， succeed， remain， take place， break out， belong to， lose heart， consist of，add up to等。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1978.
2.感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
It feels very soft.
3.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well，？badly，？easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write，read，clean，sell，wash，cook， act， iron， cut， draw， wear， open， lock， shut， dry， eat， drink等。
The books sell well.（主動句）
The meat didn’t cook well.（主动句）
3.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语（人）为主语时比较多。
I was given a present on my birthday.
如果把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，则在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词
（1.）一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，promise，sell，show，take，teach，tell等。
The book was showed to the class.
（2.）一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for，如：
build， buy， cook， cut， choose， do， fetch， find， fix， get， keep， make， order， paint， play， sing 等。
Some country music was played for us.
4.由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+介词，如：agree to，ask for， laugh at， operate on，listen to， look after， think of， talk about等。
The patient is being operated on.
及物动词+副词：如：
bring about， carry out， find out， give up， hand in， make out， pass on， point out， put away， put off， think over， turn down， work out， turn out等。
His request was turned down.
5.see， watch， hear， notice， listen to， look at， make， feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to的问题。
He is often heard to play the guitar.
6. 当主动句的主语是nobody，no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody，作by的宾语并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。
The question can not be answered by anybody.
7. 当否定句中的宾语是anything， anybody， anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别nothing，nobody，no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。
Nothing has been done to make the river clean.