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X射线脉冲星导航技术是一种具有发展潜力的新型自主导航技术,美国NASA、欧空局、日本JAXA等航天强国科研机构均将其列为重点发展对象,采用“自然界最精准的天文时钟”的脉冲星作为导航信标,可以大大提升航天器战时自主导航生存能力。本文综述X射线脉冲星导航探测技术的发展现状,深入分析X射线脉冲星导航对探测终端设备的需求,梳理出X射线脉冲星导航需要突破的关键技术及可实现的途径,为我国X射线脉冲星导航领域的快速发展提供了技术参考。
X-ray pulsar navigation technology is a new type of autonomous navigation technology with potential for development. The United States NASA, ESA, Japan’s JAXA and other aerospace research institutes have listed it as a key development target and adopted the most accurate astronomical clock in nature "Pulsar as navigation beacon, can greatly enhance the survival of spacecraft autonomous navigation during wartime. This paper reviews the development status of X-ray pulsar navigation and detection technology, deeply analyzes the requirements of X-ray pulsar navigation on the detection terminal equipment, and points out the key technologies needed to be overcome and the achievable ways for X-ray pulsar navigation. The rapid development of satellite navigation provides a technical reference.