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目的了解保定地区食品中铅、镉、镍、铬、汞、砷的污染情况。方法采用国家标准检测方法采样、检测保定地区7类食品共253个样品,按GB 2762─2012《食品中污染物限量》评价检测结果,用单因子污染指数法评价水产品污染程度。结果水产品中镍含量平均值在0.24 mg/kg~0.66 mg/kg,明显高于其他食品;河蟹中总砷的含量最高,平均值为1.54 mg/kg,水产品中总砷检出率100.0%;3种水产品有50.0%以上样品受到铬污染,约30.0%样品受到铅污染,均达到轻度污染水平,镉的污染数量略少,只有25.0%虾蟹受到轻度污染。谷物中镍含量也偏高,最高为小米0.394 mg/kg;畜禽类的肝肾中总铬含量高于肉中含量。结论所有食品的有害元素含量均没有超标,常用食品仍处于安全的范围,但对于个别的元素,虽然没有标准限值,仍要引起重视。
Objective To understand the pollution of lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium, mercury and arsenic in food in Baoding area. Methods A total of 253 samples of 7 kinds of foodstuffs in Baoding area were detected by the national standard test method. The test results were evaluated according to GB 2762─2012, “Limit of Contaminated Foods in Foodstuffs”, and the pollution degree of aquatic products was evaluated by the single factor pollution index method. Results The average content of nickel in aquatic products was 0.24 mg / kg ~ 0.66 mg / kg, which was significantly higher than other foods. The content of total arsenic in crabs was the highest, with an average value of 1.54 mg / kg, and the total arsenic in aquatic products was 100.0 %. More than 50.0% samples of three kinds of aquatic products were polluted by chromium. About 30.0% of the samples were polluted by lead and all reached light pollution level. Cadmium pollution was slightly less. Only 25.0% of shrimp and crabs were slightly polluted. The nickel content in cereals is also high, up to 0.394 mg / kg millet; livestock and poultry liver and kidney total chromium content is higher than meat content. Conclusion None of the harmful elements in all foods are over-standard. The commonly-used foods are still in the safe range. However, there is no standard limit for individual elements, which still needs attention.