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目的:通过分析近8年来新生儿死亡率和死亡原因的变化探讨预防和干预措施,以降低本地区新生儿病死率。方法:对2008年1月至2015年12月滨海县人民医院住院新生儿死亡资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2008~2011年死亡率为5.78%,2012~2015年为2.04%,前后4年比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2008~2011年前3位死亡原因分别为新生儿窒息(47.61%)、早产儿(30.18%)、新生儿感染(13.33%),2012~2015年前3位死亡原因分别为早产儿(37.97%)、新生儿窒息(34.17%)、新生儿感染(10.12%)。早产儿已占近4年来新生儿死亡原因首位。早产儿主要死亡原因呼吸窘迫综合征占58.45%,感染占30.12%;足月儿主要死亡原因窒息占67.34%,感染占18.23%。结论:8年来本院新生儿病死率下降显著,早产儿已成为近年来新生儿死亡原因首位;加强产、儿科合作是降低基层医院新生儿死亡率的关键。
OBJECTIVE: To explore preventive and interventional measures to reduce neonatal mortality in the region by analyzing changes in neonatal mortality and causes of death in the past eight years. Methods: The data of inpatient neonatal death in Binhai County People’s Hospital from January 2008 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The mortality rate in 2008-2011 was 5.78% and in 2012-2015 it was 2.04%. There was significant difference between before and after 4 years (P <0.001). The three causes of death from 2008 to 2011 were neonatal asphyxia (47.61%), premature infants (30.18%) and neonatal infections (13.33%), respectively. The three causes of death from 2012 to 2015 were premature infants (37.97% ), Neonatal asphyxia (34.17%) and neonatal infection (10.12%). Premature babies have accounted for the first cause of neonatal death in nearly 4 years. The main cause of death in premature infants accounted for 58.45% of respiratory distress syndrome, infection accounted for 30.12%; full-term children died of asphyxia 67.34%, infection accounted for 18.23%. CONCLUSION: The neonatal mortality rate dropped significantly in our hospital in the past 8 years. Premature infant has become the first cause of neonatal death in recent years. Intensive labor and pediatric cooperation are the keys to reduce the neonatal mortality rate in primary hospitals.