Art of Poetry,written by Horace,is the foundation works of classical western critical theory.While The Art of Poetry,written by Nicolas Boileau-Despreaux,is representative work of neo-classical critical theory.These two works have not only the same name,but also emphasis imitation classical.They both defer to the reason.But the deeper meaning of them is a little bit different.This paper mainly deals with the similarity and comparison between them. Art of Poetry, written by Horace, is the foundation works of classical western critical theory. Whilst The Art of Poetry, written by Nicolas Boileau-Despreaux, is representative work of neo-classical critical theory. These two works have not only the same name , but also emphasis imitation classical.They both defer to the reason.But the deeper meaning of them is a little bit different.This paper mainly deals with the similarity and comparison between them.