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公交网络运行系统的结构性缺陷常常致使其成为城市交通拥堵的罪魁祸首。传统公交网络空间研究皆将其视为一个独立的交通运输方式,忽视了城市道路网形态与结构的内生作用。本文基于二分网络的思想,通过构建公交线路—城市道路的空间依赖矩阵,引入系列空间依赖度测度指标从局域、全局两个尺度探讨了北京市的公交线路的空间依赖度及依赖的核心空间,并通过社团识别对北京市公交线路的依赖空间进行了划分。结果发现:1局域依赖度方面,北京市公交线路布局高度依赖度少数城市主干道和城—郊区快速干道,其空间依赖格局形成了以市中心为核心,以城—郊区快速干道为通道的中心—外围的廊道扩散格局;2全局依赖度方面,北京市公交线路空间布局结构失衡,比较脆弱,受城市道路路面路况影响较大,同时以四环为模糊边界的市中心区域成为北京市公交线路依赖的核心空间;3依赖空间划分上,北京市公交线路布局与城市地域空间呈现良好的对应性,朝阳、海淀、三环内(东城和西城)是公交线路布局规模最密的3个区域。
Structural defects in transit networks often cause them to be the culprit in urban traffic congestion. The traditional research on public transport network space regards it as an independent mode of transportation and neglects the endogenous role of the urban road network in its shape and structure. Based on the idea of bisection network, this paper introduces a series of indexes of spatial dependence by constructing a bus line - the spatial dependence matrix of urban roads, and discusses the spatial dependency of Beijing’s bus lines and its dependence on the core space And classifies the space dependent on the bus lines in Beijing through social identification. The results showed that: 1, in terms of local dependency, the layout of bus lines in Beijing is highly dependent on the trunk roads of a few cities and the rapid urban roads in suburban areas. The spatial dependence of urban bus routes forms the core of urban centers and the rapid urban-suburban roads Center-periphery corridors diffusion pattern; 2, global dependence, the spatial distribution structure of bus lines in Beijing is unbalanced and relatively fragile, which is greatly affected by the urban road pavement traffic conditions. Meanwhile, the downtown area with the boundary of the fourth ring becoming the fuzzy boundary has become the city of Beijing Bus routes rely on the core space; 3 Dependency on space division, Beijing city bus line layout and urban area space showed a good correspondence, Chaoyang, Haidian, within the Third Ring Road (Dongcheng and Xicheng) bus routes are the most densely packed three area.