论文部分内容阅读
摘 要:為探究安徽地方品种猪的品质特性,以圩猪和六白猪的背腰最长肌为研究对象,对其在4 ℃低温贮藏1~9 d期间肉色、pH值、水分、嫩度、挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)含量、酸价、过氧化值、硫代巴比妥酸反应物(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance,TBARs)值和菌落总数进行测定。结果表明:圩猪肉样的亮度值(L*)较为稳定,黄度值(b*)没有明显变化规律,六白猪肉样的L*和b*显著减小(P<0.05),二者的红度值(a*)呈先增大后减小趋势;2 个品种猪肉的pH值变化相似,均呈先下降后上升趋势(P<0.05);圩猪肉样的水分含量没有显著变化,而六白猪肉样的水分含量在前3 d显著降低,随后缓慢上升(P<0.05);贮藏期间2 个品种猪肉样的嫩度不断降低;六白猪肉样的酸价和过氧化值均高于圩猪肉样,而TVB-N含量、TBARs值均较低(P<0.05);圩猪肉样的初始菌落总数高于六白猪肉样(P<0.05),并且之后持续上升。圩猪和六白猪的胴体肌肉具有不同的品质属性和贮藏特性。
关键词:地方品种猪;冷却肉;理化性质;安全性;脂肪氧化
Quality Changes of Longissimus dorsi Muscles from Native Pig Breeds in Anhui, China Stored at Low Temperature
HUANG Jingjing, YAN Yan, ZHANG Fusheng, ZHOU Yingqin, YIN Junfeng, JIANG Jian, XIE Ningning*
(Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China)
Abstract: In order to explore the quality characteristics of pork from native breeds in East China’s Anhui province, Longissimus dorsi muscles from Wei pigs and Anqing Six-White-Point pigs were stored at 4 ℃ for a period of time ranging from 1 to 9 days. Meat color, pH value, moisture content, tenderness, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) value, and total colony count were measured during storage. Results showed that lightness value (L*) of the meat of Wei pigs remained relatively stable, while yellowness value (b*) changed irregularly. For the meat of Six-White-Point pigs, both L* and b* values significantly decreased
(P < 0.05). For both breeds, redness value (a*) tended to increase first and then decrease, and the opposite trend was observed for pH (P < 0.05). Meat moisture content of Wei pigs did not change observably. In contrast, a significant reduction in meat moisture content during the first three days followed by progression increase was noted for Six-White-Point pigs
(P < 0.05). Moreover, a gradual decrease in meat tenderness was found for either breed. An increase in acid value and peroxide value was seen when comparing Six-White-Point pigs with Wei pigs, while the opposite was for TVB-N content and TBARs value (P < 0.05). The initial total colony count was higher in the meat of Wei pigs than Six-White-Point pigs (P < 0.05), which kept rising later. The muscles of Wei pigs and Six-White-Point pigs have different quality and storage characteristics.
Keywords: native pigs; chilled meat; physicochemical properties; food safety; fat oxidation [9] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品酸度的测定: GB 5009.239—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 6-8.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定: GB 5009.3—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-2.
[11] 中华人民共和国农业部.肉嫩度的测定 剪切力测定法: NY/T 1180—2006[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006: 1-2.
[12] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中挥发性盐基氮的测定: GB 5009.228—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-3.
[13] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中酸价的测定: GB 5009.229—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-4.
[14] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中过氧化值的测定: GB 5009.227—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.: 1-4.
[15] SALIH A M, SMITH D M, PRICE J F, et al. Modified extraction 2-thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid oxidation in poultry[J]. Poultry Science, 1987, 66(9): 1483-1488. DOI:10.3382/ps.0661483.
[16] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 菌落总数测定: GB 4789.2—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-5.
[17] 王策. 含氧气调包装对冷却肉持水性的影响机制[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2018: 5.
[18] 陈晓亮, 王世平, 刘欢. 冷却猪肉新鲜度的色差快速分析评价
方法[J]. 食品科学, 2012, 33(4): 204-208. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201204043.
[19] 孙永才, 孙京新, 李鹏, 等. 超声协同次氯酸钠处理对冷藏鸡胸肉品质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2019, 40(9): 262-268. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180413-168.
[20] 郑旭, 曾露, 柏先泽, 等. 不同解冻处理对猪肉理化特性及微生物数量的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2018, 32(4): 14-19. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201804003.
[21] 周光宏. 畜产品加工学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004: 69.
[22] OLAOYE O A. Changes in physicochemical properties and volatiles of pork balangu as possible indicators of spoilage during ambient temperature storage[J]. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2016, 40(3): 473-482. DOI:10.1111/jfpp.12625.
[23] 章杰, 羅宗刚, 陈磊, 等. 荣昌猪和杜洛克猪肉质及营养价值的比较分析[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(24): 127-130. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201524022.
[24] BOMBRUN L, GATELLIER P, PORTANGUEN S, et al. Analysis of the juice and water losses in salted and unsalted pork samples heated in water bath. Consequences for the prediction of weight loss by transfer models[J]. Meat Science, 2015, 99: 113-122. DOI:10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.07.033.
[25] 王娟, 张万刚, 刘念, 等. 梅山猪与三元杂交猪肉宰后成熟过程品质变化比较[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(8): 254-259. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201508048.
[26] JOZWIAK M, MELI A C, MELKA J, et al. Concomitant systolic and diastolic alterations during chronic hypertension in pig[J]. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 2019, 131: 155-163. DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.027.
[27] 吴利芬, 张立彦, 汪媛, 等. 加热温度和含水量对猪肉及其蛋白质特性的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2018, 32(10): 12-18. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201810003. [28] 王莉. 牦牛肉肌纤维类型组成及其代谢酶活力差异对宰后肉嫩度的影响[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2016: 4.
[29] RAM?REZ H L, SORIANO A, G?MEZ S, et al. Evaluation of the food sniffer electronic nose for assessing the shelf life of fresh pork meat compared to physicochemical measurements of meat quality[J]. European Food Research and Technology, 2018, 244(6): 1047-1055. DOI:10.1007/s00217-017-3021-0.
[30] 雷会宁, 魏益民, 魏帅, 等. 冷却猪肉货架期预测模型建立及验证[J].
中国食品学报, 2018, 18(10): 187-194. DOI:10.16429/j.1009-7848.2018.10.024.
[31] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 鲜(冻)畜、禽产品: GB 2707—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 2.
[32] FAUSTMAN C, SUN Q, MANCINI R, et al. Myoglobin and lipid oxidation interactions: mechanistic bases and control[J]. Meat Science, 2010, 86(1): 86-94. DOI:10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.025.
[33] 中华人民共和国农业部. 中华人民共和国农业行业标准 冷却猪肉: NY/T 632-2002[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2002: 5.
[34] 席丽琴, 杨君娜, 许随根, 等. 肉及肉制品气调包装技术研究进展[J].
肉类研究, 2019, 33(9): 64-68. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20190704-157.
收稿日期:2019-12-04
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31801673);安徽省农业科学院创新团队项目(2019YL052);
安徽省農业科学院院所共建团队项目(18C1225);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(1808085QC94)
第一作者简介:黄晶晶(1988—)(ORCID: 0000-0003-2450-816X),女,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为肉制品加工。
E-mail: [email protected]
通信作者简介:谢宁宁(1984—)(ORCID: 0000-0002-3284-2945),男,副研究员,博士,研究方向为肉制品加工。
E-mail: [email protected]
关键词:地方品种猪;冷却肉;理化性质;安全性;脂肪氧化
Quality Changes of Longissimus dorsi Muscles from Native Pig Breeds in Anhui, China Stored at Low Temperature
HUANG Jingjing, YAN Yan, ZHANG Fusheng, ZHOU Yingqin, YIN Junfeng, JIANG Jian, XIE Ningning*
(Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China)
Abstract: In order to explore the quality characteristics of pork from native breeds in East China’s Anhui province, Longissimus dorsi muscles from Wei pigs and Anqing Six-White-Point pigs were stored at 4 ℃ for a period of time ranging from 1 to 9 days. Meat color, pH value, moisture content, tenderness, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, acid value, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARs) value, and total colony count were measured during storage. Results showed that lightness value (L*) of the meat of Wei pigs remained relatively stable, while yellowness value (b*) changed irregularly. For the meat of Six-White-Point pigs, both L* and b* values significantly decreased
(P < 0.05). For both breeds, redness value (a*) tended to increase first and then decrease, and the opposite trend was observed for pH (P < 0.05). Meat moisture content of Wei pigs did not change observably. In contrast, a significant reduction in meat moisture content during the first three days followed by progression increase was noted for Six-White-Point pigs
(P < 0.05). Moreover, a gradual decrease in meat tenderness was found for either breed. An increase in acid value and peroxide value was seen when comparing Six-White-Point pigs with Wei pigs, while the opposite was for TVB-N content and TBARs value (P < 0.05). The initial total colony count was higher in the meat of Wei pigs than Six-White-Point pigs (P < 0.05), which kept rising later. The muscles of Wei pigs and Six-White-Point pigs have different quality and storage characteristics.
Keywords: native pigs; chilled meat; physicochemical properties; food safety; fat oxidation [9] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品酸度的测定: GB 5009.239—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 6-8.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定: GB 5009.3—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-2.
[11] 中华人民共和国农业部.肉嫩度的测定 剪切力测定法: NY/T 1180—2006[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2006: 1-2.
[12] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中挥发性盐基氮的测定: GB 5009.228—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-3.
[13] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中酸价的测定: GB 5009.229—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-4.
[14] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 食品中过氧化值的测定: GB 5009.227—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.: 1-4.
[15] SALIH A M, SMITH D M, PRICE J F, et al. Modified extraction 2-thiobarbituric acid method for measuring lipid oxidation in poultry[J]. Poultry Science, 1987, 66(9): 1483-1488. DOI:10.3382/ps.0661483.
[16] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 菌落总数测定: GB 4789.2—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 1-5.
[17] 王策. 含氧气调包装对冷却肉持水性的影响机制[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2018: 5.
[18] 陈晓亮, 王世平, 刘欢. 冷却猪肉新鲜度的色差快速分析评价
方法[J]. 食品科学, 2012, 33(4): 204-208. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201204043.
[19] 孙永才, 孙京新, 李鹏, 等. 超声协同次氯酸钠处理对冷藏鸡胸肉品质的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2019, 40(9): 262-268. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180413-168.
[20] 郑旭, 曾露, 柏先泽, 等. 不同解冻处理对猪肉理化特性及微生物数量的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2018, 32(4): 14-19. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201804003.
[21] 周光宏. 畜产品加工学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004: 69.
[22] OLAOYE O A. Changes in physicochemical properties and volatiles of pork balangu as possible indicators of spoilage during ambient temperature storage[J]. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2016, 40(3): 473-482. DOI:10.1111/jfpp.12625.
[23] 章杰, 羅宗刚, 陈磊, 等. 荣昌猪和杜洛克猪肉质及营养价值的比较分析[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(24): 127-130. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201524022.
[24] BOMBRUN L, GATELLIER P, PORTANGUEN S, et al. Analysis of the juice and water losses in salted and unsalted pork samples heated in water bath. Consequences for the prediction of weight loss by transfer models[J]. Meat Science, 2015, 99: 113-122. DOI:10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.07.033.
[25] 王娟, 张万刚, 刘念, 等. 梅山猪与三元杂交猪肉宰后成熟过程品质变化比较[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(8): 254-259. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201508048.
[26] JOZWIAK M, MELI A C, MELKA J, et al. Concomitant systolic and diastolic alterations during chronic hypertension in pig[J]. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 2019, 131: 155-163. DOI:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.04.027.
[27] 吴利芬, 张立彦, 汪媛, 等. 加热温度和含水量对猪肉及其蛋白质特性的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2018, 32(10): 12-18. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201810003. [28] 王莉. 牦牛肉肌纤维类型组成及其代谢酶活力差异对宰后肉嫩度的影响[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2016: 4.
[29] RAM?REZ H L, SORIANO A, G?MEZ S, et al. Evaluation of the food sniffer electronic nose for assessing the shelf life of fresh pork meat compared to physicochemical measurements of meat quality[J]. European Food Research and Technology, 2018, 244(6): 1047-1055. DOI:10.1007/s00217-017-3021-0.
[30] 雷会宁, 魏益民, 魏帅, 等. 冷却猪肉货架期预测模型建立及验证[J].
中国食品学报, 2018, 18(10): 187-194. DOI:10.16429/j.1009-7848.2018.10.024.
[31] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, 国家食品药品监督管理总局. 食品安全国家标准 鲜(冻)畜、禽产品: GB 2707—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016: 2.
[32] FAUSTMAN C, SUN Q, MANCINI R, et al. Myoglobin and lipid oxidation interactions: mechanistic bases and control[J]. Meat Science, 2010, 86(1): 86-94. DOI:10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.025.
[33] 中华人民共和国农业部. 中华人民共和国农业行业标准 冷却猪肉: NY/T 632-2002[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2002: 5.
[34] 席丽琴, 杨君娜, 许随根, 等. 肉及肉制品气调包装技术研究进展[J].
肉类研究, 2019, 33(9): 64-68. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20190704-157.
收稿日期:2019-12-04
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31801673);安徽省农业科学院创新团队项目(2019YL052);
安徽省農业科学院院所共建团队项目(18C1225);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(1808085QC94)
第一作者简介:黄晶晶(1988—)(ORCID: 0000-0003-2450-816X),女,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为肉制品加工。
E-mail: [email protected]
通信作者简介:谢宁宁(1984—)(ORCID: 0000-0002-3284-2945),男,副研究员,博士,研究方向为肉制品加工。
E-mail: [email protected]