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君的观念在中国政治传统中具有非常重要的地位。本文先从疏解《论语》夷狄之有君章入手,澄清历代主要注家理解的歧义之处。考察君在儒学传统中的起源与演变,将其内涵归结为圣王制礼的理想与现实政治秩序治理两个方面,由此而辨明《论语》此章的确切含义。本文认为华夏有君的确切含义是王道的实施,亦即君臣有上下之礼,人民有人伦之义,即是华夏礼仪文明的兴盛,而不是一个君主实际上的统治。因此夷狄虽然有君而无礼,也不如华夏无君而知义。在今天,虽无宗法制度意义上的君,而是现代政制组织形式,若能行礼乐教化,即有圣王之实。
The concept of monarch has a very important position in Chinese political tradition. This article begins with the interpretation of “The Analects of Confucius” barbarians have started to clarify the ambiguity of the main annotated historians. Examines Jun’s origin and evolution in the tradition of Confucianism, attributing its connotation to the ideal of the Sacrificial Ceremonies and the governance of the real political order, thus distinguishing the exact meaning of this chapter of the Analects of Confucius. This paper argues that the exact meaning of the king of Huaxia is the implementation of benevolence. That is, the monarchs have the ritual of up and down and the people have the humanity of righteousness, that is, the prosperity of the ritual civilization of China, not the de facto rule of a monarch. Therefore, although the barbarians and rulers of the barbarian, but not as good as Huaxia Jun. Today, though there is no monarch in the meaning of patriarchal system, it is a form of modern constitutional organization. If the enlightenment can be enacted, there is the reality of the Holy Kings.