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采用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)技术制备了金属间化合物增强铝基(IMC/Al)复合材料,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和拉伸试验机等研究了分散剂SiC和CNTs对复合材料组织的均匀性、增强相含量与尺寸及拉伸强度的影响。结果表明:通过FSP制备IMC/Al复合材料时出现镍粉团聚现象,团聚体的形状主要为类条形和类椭圆形;分散剂的添加对镍粉的团聚起到抑制作用,改善了复合材料复合区组织的均匀性,其中CNTs抑制镍粉团聚的效果优于SiC的;分散剂的添加促进了铝和镍原位反应的进行,使得复合材料中增强相Al3Ni的数量增多;分散剂的添加提高了复合材料的力学性能,添加CNTs制备复合材料的最大抗拉强度为171MPa,比未添加分散剂制备复合材料的提高了15.5%。
The intermetallic compound reinforced Al-based (IMC / Al) composites were prepared by friction stir processing (FSP) technology and characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and tensile testing The effects of dispersant SiC and CNTs on the homogeneity, phase content, size and tensile strength of the composites were studied. The results show that the agglomeration of nickel powder occurs when the IMC / Al composites are prepared by FSP. The shape of the agglomerates is mainly of the form of strip and oval. The addition of dispersant can restrain the agglomeration of nickel powder, The homogeneity of the composite zone structure, CNTs inhibition of nickel agglomeration effect is better than the SiC; the addition of dispersant promoted the in situ reaction of aluminum and nickel, making the composite reinforced Al3Ni increased the number; addition of dispersant The mechanical properties of the composites were improved. The maximum tensile strength of composites prepared by adding CNTs was 171MPa, which was 15.5% higher than that of composites without dispersant.