特殊化方法 ,是指解决一些较为抽象复杂的数学问题时 ,先考虑简单情形 ,或者特殊对象、特殊位置 ,或者考虑极端情况 ,将抽象问题放到简单背景下去考虑 ,从对特殊对象的研究中找出一般规律 ,最终完成从具体到抽象、从局部到整体的思维过程的一种数学思想方法 .这种方法使用广泛 The specialization method refers to solving some of the more abstract and complex mathematical problems, first consider the simple cases, or special objects, special positions, or consider extreme situations, and consider the abstract problems in a simple context, from the study of special objects. Find out the general laws and eventually complete a mathematical thinking method from the concrete to the abstract, from the local to the whole thinking process. This method is widely used