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[目的]了解新生儿出生质量,探讨母亲方面可能影响新生儿出生体重的因素,为有效开展妇幼保健工作提供依据。[方法]对2009年1~4月到潍坊市人民医院、潍坊医学院附属医院、潍坊市妇幼保健院和潍坊市奎文区妇幼保健院就诊或分娩的新生儿进行调查。[结果]调查460名新生儿,身高、头围、胸围、双顶径等均在正常范围内,临床Agpar评分>7分的均在95%以上;出生体重<2.5、2.5~4.0、>4.0 kg的分别占9.67%、86.59%、3.74%。出生体重正常者所占比例,母亲居住地在农村、郊区、城区的分别为59.41%、90.32%、90.18%(P<0.01),文化程度为初中及以下、高中、大专及以上者分别为80.95%、89.27%、90.24%(P<0.05),无固定收入、个人月均收入<1 000、1 000~1 999、≥2000元者分别为80.52%、96.55%、91.93%、84.00%(P<0.01);怀孕期间有、无妊娠合并症或并发症者分别为65.71%、88.45%(P<0.01),患、未患病或感染病毒者分别为77.78%、88.71%(P<0.01);有、无异常孕产史者分别为76.79%、87.80%(P<0.05)。[结论]新生儿,身高、头围、胸围、双顶径等均在正常范围内,部分体重偏低,居住在农村、怀孕期间有妊娠合并症或并发症是导致出生体重偏低的主要原因。
[Objective] To understand the birth quality of newborns and explore the factors that may influence the birth weight of newborns in mothers, so as to provide the basis for the effective maternal and child health care work. [Methods] From January to April 2009, we investigated the newborns who visited or weaned at Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Weifang MCH Hospital and Weifang Kuiwen Maternal and Child Health Hospital. [Results] A total of 460 newborns were surveyed. The height, head circumference, chest circumference, biparietal diameter and so on were all within the normal range. Clinical Agpar scores> 7 were above 95%, birth weight <2.5, 2.5-4.0,> 4.0 kg accounted for 9.67%, 86.59%, 3.74% respectively. The proportion of mothers living in normal rural areas, suburbs and urban areas were 59.41%, 90.32% and 90.18% respectively (P <0.01). The educational attainment of junior high school and below, high school, college and above were 80.95 %, 89.27% and 90.24%, respectively (P <0.05). There was no fixed income. Individual monthly average income was less than 1 000,1 000 ~ 1 999, (P <0.01). There were 65.71% and 88.45% (P <0.01) of patients with or without pregnancy complications or complications during pregnancy, 77.78% and 88.71% respectively (P <0.01) ; There was no abnormal pregnancy history were 76.79%, 87.80% (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Neonatal, height, head circumference, chest circumference and biparietal diameter are within the normal range. Some of them are underweight and live in rural areas. Pregnancy complications or complications during pregnancy are the main causes of low birth weight .