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重点、难点分析
1. aboard
【解析】(1) adv.
在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)
All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。
(2) prep.
在(船,飞机,车)上;进入,上(船,飞机,车)
They were the last two to go aboard the ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。
It is time to go aboard. 现在该登机了。
on board = aboard
We went on board the ship. 我们登上了轮船。(做状语)
Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.
飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。(做后置定语)
【注意】aboard ≠ abroad (adv. 往国外,到处,海外)
at home and abroad 在国内外
2. commit
【解析】vt. 犯(错误、罪行),干(坏事、傻事)
commit a mistake/an error 犯错误;commit murder/suicide 凶杀 / 自杀;commit a crime / a robbery 犯罪/抢劫
3. expand
【解析】vt. 张开,膨胀,扩张,发展
Many metals, such as iron, will expand when they are heated.
许多金属比如铁,加热后会膨胀。
The eagle expanded its wings and took flight. 鹰展翅翱翔。
【辨析】expand, extend 和 enlarge
expand 表示张开,膨胀,强调体积扩大,或欲望膨胀
extend ex(向外) tend(伸展)延伸;扩展、扩大;提供、给予;强调长度或范围的扩展,延伸
extend the deadline until the end of the month 延期到月底为止
extend ones visit for a few days longer 把访问时间延长几天
enlarge en(表使动) large vt. 扩大,放大
The leaders are planning to enlarge our playground with the development of our school.
随着学校的发展,领导们打算扩建操场。
The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged.
警察把失踪姑娘的照片放大了。
【例】Can you________ your visit for a few days more?
A. enlarge B. expand C. explore D. extend
答案:D
4. get into a bad habit of
【解析】
get /fall into a bad habit of = form a bad habit of 养成/ 染上坏习惯
be in a habit of 有某种习惯
break off the habit of / kick the habit of /get rid of the habit of 改掉……的习惯
5.term ①看待某事的一种方式②字词/语言③时段④条件/协议⑤关系⑥其他含义
In artistic terms, the film is worth seeing. 从艺术角度来看,这部电影值得一看。
in terms of 在……方面;根据……来解释
in sbs terms 在某人看来;根据某人的观点
in the long / short / medium term 就长期/短期/中期而言
be on good / bad terms 关系好/不好
Were on good terms with all our neighboors. 我们与所有邻居关系都好。
come to terms with sth 与……妥协;接受
be thinking / talking in terms of 正考虑做……;正打算做……
6. charge
【解析】
(1) 控告,指控(with)vt. / n. charge sb with sth 相当于accuse sb of sth
Shes been charged with murder.她被指控犯有谋杀罪。
The paper charged her with using the companys money for her own purposes.
报纸上指控她把公司的钱用作个人目的。
The police arrested him on a charge of power abuse.他因为滥用职权而被警方拘捕。
(2) 索价 vt. / n. charge sb some money for sth 因……向某人索要
How much/What do you charge for a haircut and blowdry?
理吹一下头发你收多少钱?
The local museum doesnt charge for admission.
当地的博物馆不收门票。
free of charge 免费
(3) 负责 n. take charge of: 负责;in charge of: 负责;in the charge of: 在……的负责之下
Her exhusband has charge of the children during the week and she has them at the weekend.
平时由她前夫照管孩子,周末由她照应。
His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away.
老板出去的这几天,让他来负责管理。
I left Jack in charge of the suitcases while I went to get the tickets.
去买票时,我留下Jack看管行李。
【例】The manager in________ charge of our department was charged________ theft.
A. the; for B. /; for
C. the; with D. /; with
答案:D。 负责我们部门的经理被指控犯有盗窃罪。
7. refer to… 提到;涉及;参照,向……求助
When you have problems, you may refer to your reference book.
当你有问题时,你可以查看参考书。
When I said some people are stupid, I wasnt referring to you.我说那些人很愚蠢,并不是指你。
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
在她的自传中,她多次提到她不快乐的学习时光。
refer to…as… 把……称为……
reference n. 参照 with / in reference to… 关于,涉及,和……有关
【例】The policewoman you referred________ a robber in the bank just now.
A. to catch B. to be caught
C. to caught D. to have caught
答案:C。你提到的那个女警刚刚在银行里抓了个抢劫犯。
8. regarding prep. 关于 (相当于concerning; with reference to)
considering prep. 就……而论,考虑到(相当于in view of; taking into consideration)
She said nothing regarding your request. 对于你的要求她只字不提。
He is strong considering his age.
就他的年龄而论,他可算得上是强壮的。
【例】________ with his health, his father decided to resign from the company to take better care of him.
A. Concerned B. Concerning
C. Regarding D. Regarded
答案:A。担心他的身体,他父亲决定从公司辞职以便更好地照顾他。
【解析】
be concerned with…为……担心,忧虑的意思。B、C两个答案,除意思不符合外,它们都是介词,从语法上不可以跟with 搭配。
9. 倍数表达法
1. 主语A + 谓语 +倍数程度 + as…as 比较对象B
After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1998 as the year before. 引进新技术之后,工厂1998年拖拉机的产量是前一年的两倍。
2. 主语A + 谓语(be) +倍数程度 + the + 度量名词 +of +比较对象B
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
地球是月球的49倍大。
3. 主语A +谓语(be) +倍数程度 +what 引导的从句
The length of the road is five times what it was three years ago. 这条路是它三年前的五倍长。
4. 主语A+谓语 + 倍数程度 +形容词/副词的比较级 + than + 比较对象B
He has three times more money than I have.
他的钱是我的三倍。
5. 主语A +谓语 +形容词/副词的比较级 + than +比较对象B +by +倍数程度
The line is longer than that one by twice.
这条线是那条线的两倍长。
1. aboard
【解析】(1) adv.
在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)
All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。
(2) prep.
在(船,飞机,车)上;进入,上(船,飞机,车)
They were the last two to go aboard the ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。
It is time to go aboard. 现在该登机了。
on board = aboard
We went on board the ship. 我们登上了轮船。(做状语)
Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.
飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。(做后置定语)
【注意】aboard ≠ abroad (adv. 往国外,到处,海外)
at home and abroad 在国内外
2. commit
【解析】vt. 犯(错误、罪行),干(坏事、傻事)
commit a mistake/an error 犯错误;commit murder/suicide 凶杀 / 自杀;commit a crime / a robbery 犯罪/抢劫
3. expand
【解析】vt. 张开,膨胀,扩张,发展
Many metals, such as iron, will expand when they are heated.
许多金属比如铁,加热后会膨胀。
The eagle expanded its wings and took flight. 鹰展翅翱翔。
【辨析】expand, extend 和 enlarge
expand 表示张开,膨胀,强调体积扩大,或欲望膨胀
extend ex(向外) tend(伸展)延伸;扩展、扩大;提供、给予;强调长度或范围的扩展,延伸
extend the deadline until the end of the month 延期到月底为止
extend ones visit for a few days longer 把访问时间延长几天
enlarge en(表使动) large vt. 扩大,放大
The leaders are planning to enlarge our playground with the development of our school.
随着学校的发展,领导们打算扩建操场。
The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged.
警察把失踪姑娘的照片放大了。
【例】Can you________ your visit for a few days more?
A. enlarge B. expand C. explore D. extend
答案:D
4. get into a bad habit of
【解析】
get /fall into a bad habit of = form a bad habit of 养成/ 染上坏习惯
be in a habit of 有某种习惯
break off the habit of / kick the habit of /get rid of the habit of 改掉……的习惯
5.term ①看待某事的一种方式②字词/语言③时段④条件/协议⑤关系⑥其他含义
In artistic terms, the film is worth seeing. 从艺术角度来看,这部电影值得一看。
in terms of 在……方面;根据……来解释
in sbs terms 在某人看来;根据某人的观点
in the long / short / medium term 就长期/短期/中期而言
be on good / bad terms 关系好/不好
Were on good terms with all our neighboors. 我们与所有邻居关系都好。
come to terms with sth 与……妥协;接受
be thinking / talking in terms of 正考虑做……;正打算做……
6. charge
【解析】
(1) 控告,指控(with)vt. / n. charge sb with sth 相当于accuse sb of sth
Shes been charged with murder.她被指控犯有谋杀罪。
The paper charged her with using the companys money for her own purposes.
报纸上指控她把公司的钱用作个人目的。
The police arrested him on a charge of power abuse.他因为滥用职权而被警方拘捕。
(2) 索价 vt. / n. charge sb some money for sth 因……向某人索要
How much/What do you charge for a haircut and blowdry?
理吹一下头发你收多少钱?
The local museum doesnt charge for admission.
当地的博物馆不收门票。
free of charge 免费
(3) 负责 n. take charge of: 负责;in charge of: 负责;in the charge of: 在……的负责之下
Her exhusband has charge of the children during the week and she has them at the weekend.
平时由她前夫照管孩子,周末由她照应。
His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away.
老板出去的这几天,让他来负责管理。
I left Jack in charge of the suitcases while I went to get the tickets.
去买票时,我留下Jack看管行李。
【例】The manager in________ charge of our department was charged________ theft.
A. the; for B. /; for
C. the; with D. /; with
答案:D。 负责我们部门的经理被指控犯有盗窃罪。
7. refer to… 提到;涉及;参照,向……求助
When you have problems, you may refer to your reference book.
当你有问题时,你可以查看参考书。
When I said some people are stupid, I wasnt referring to you.我说那些人很愚蠢,并不是指你。
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
在她的自传中,她多次提到她不快乐的学习时光。
refer to…as… 把……称为……
reference n. 参照 with / in reference to… 关于,涉及,和……有关
【例】The policewoman you referred________ a robber in the bank just now.
A. to catch B. to be caught
C. to caught D. to have caught
答案:C。你提到的那个女警刚刚在银行里抓了个抢劫犯。
8. regarding prep. 关于 (相当于concerning; with reference to)
considering prep. 就……而论,考虑到(相当于in view of; taking into consideration)
She said nothing regarding your request. 对于你的要求她只字不提。
He is strong considering his age.
就他的年龄而论,他可算得上是强壮的。
【例】________ with his health, his father decided to resign from the company to take better care of him.
A. Concerned B. Concerning
C. Regarding D. Regarded
答案:A。担心他的身体,他父亲决定从公司辞职以便更好地照顾他。
【解析】
be concerned with…为……担心,忧虑的意思。B、C两个答案,除意思不符合外,它们都是介词,从语法上不可以跟with 搭配。
9. 倍数表达法
1. 主语A + 谓语 +倍数程度 + as…as 比较对象B
After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1998 as the year before. 引进新技术之后,工厂1998年拖拉机的产量是前一年的两倍。
2. 主语A + 谓语(be) +倍数程度 + the + 度量名词 +of +比较对象B
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
地球是月球的49倍大。
3. 主语A +谓语(be) +倍数程度 +what 引导的从句
The length of the road is five times what it was three years ago. 这条路是它三年前的五倍长。
4. 主语A+谓语 + 倍数程度 +形容词/副词的比较级 + than + 比较对象B
He has three times more money than I have.
他的钱是我的三倍。
5. 主语A +谓语 +形容词/副词的比较级 + than +比较对象B +by +倍数程度
The line is longer than that one by twice.
这条线是那条线的两倍长。