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读了本刊1996年第4期的问题讨论《车辆的起动、制动和转弯》一文,很受启发.但我认为在起动和制动过程中,还应该谈一谈车辆的翻车问题,则问题的讨论更加完整.关于车辆翻车问题,《理论力学教程》(第二版,周衍柏编)中有这样一段叙述:以汽车的平动为例,当汽车停止或作匀速直线运动时,地面对汽车前后两对车轮的竖直反作用力,可以假定是相等的.但当加速或刹车时,两者就不相等.如加速时加速度太大,或刹车时减速度太大,两对车轮上受到的约束反作用力就相差很大,甚至能使汽车翻倒.”下面就对此作一定量讨论,以供参考.
Reading the issue of the 4th issue of this magazine in 1996 discussed the article “Starting, Braking and Turning of a Vehicle”, which was very inspiring. But I think that in the process of starting and braking, we should also talk about the overturn problem of vehicles. The discussion of the problem is more complete. With respect to the problem of overturning vehicles, there is a paragraph in the “Theory of Theoretical Mechanics” (second edition, Zhou Yanbo ed.): Taking the translation of a car as an example, when the car stops or performs a uniform linear motion, the ground The vertical reaction force to the front and rear wheels of the car can be assumed to be equal. However, when accelerating or braking, the two are not equal. If the acceleration is too high when accelerating, or the deceleration is too great when braking, two pairs of wheels The restrained reaction force on the subject is very different, and even the car can be overturned." Below is a discussion on this subject for reference.