鸦片战争开始了中国近百年的耻辱历程,我国科学技术的落后与此有着很大的关联。社会各界爱国分子为了探索救亡图存之路进行了众多的尝试。进行教育改革,开展科学教育是实现救国之路的一条途径。晚清的科学教育突破以儒家学说为主的传统教育体系,进入中国教育系统。本文主要探究了晚清时期科学教育演进的历史与制度图景,分析历史发展的深刻动因。 The Opium War started the process of humiliation in China in recent one hundred years. The backwardness of science and technology in our country has a lot to do with this. Patriotic elements from all walks of life have carried out numerous attempts to explore the road to survival and salvation. Carrying out education reform and launching science education is a way to realize the road of saving the nation. In the late Qing dynasty, the scientific education broke through the traditional education system dominated by Confucianism and entered the Chinese education system. This paper mainly explores the historical and institutional picture of the evolution of science education in the late Qing Dynasty and analyzes the profound motivation of historical development.