以河东煤田北部某矿8~#煤层为研究对象,利用相似模拟的方法对采空区覆岩破坏规律和采动引起的地表沉降变形规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:随着开挖的不断进行,采空区覆岩呈周期性的离层-断裂-垮落破坏特征;随着推进距离的增大,垮落长度和高度在不断增大;开采结束后,采空区上覆岩层变形不断趋于稳定,离层不断被压实。 Taking the coal seam 8 # in a mine in the northern part of Hedong coalfield as the research object, the law of overlying strata failure and the law of surface settlement and deformation caused by mining are studied by using the method of similarity simulation. The results show that with the continuous excavation, the overburden strata in the mined-out area have the characteristics of periodic detachment-fracture-collapse failure. As the advancing distance increases, the length and height of the caving are continuously increasing. After the end of the overburden deformation of the goaf tends to be stable, leaving the continuous compaction.