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摘要:本文通过一篇阅读文章(B3U5 Climbing Qomolangma, Worth the Risks?---2019英语外语教学与研究出版社)课例分析,旨在展示KWL-PLUS阅读教学模式在高中英语教学中的应用。KWL-PLUS是指在原有KWL(what you know---what I want to know---what I have learned)模式下增加PLUS环节以检查学生的输出能力。PLUS环节表现形式多样,可涵盖听说读写各个方面。KWL-PLUS阅读教学法对传统注重文本和语法解读的英语阅读教学模式提出了挑战,有助于提高学生学习英语的兴趣,培养学生自主学习的主动性。
关键词:KWL-PLUS 阅读教学模式 高中英语 主动性
中图分类号:G4 文献标识码:A
一、篇章分析
此篇文章取自2019外语教学与研究出版社B3U5,整个单元主题是人与自然。这一主题语境不仅能让学生积累丰富的自然百科知识,而且能够在主题意义探究的过程中逐渐提升他们有关自然生态环境保护,自然灾害防范和自我保护的意识和能力,鼓励他们在遵循自然规律的前提下对自然界的奥秘进行持续探索,在人与自然不断的新平衡中实现和谐共生。此篇文章首段讲述的是珠穆朗玛概况,二至三段根据两位登山名人的实例讲述登山的个人原因,紧接着四至六段根据一个心理学家的研究讲述登山的心理原因,最后一段提出作者观点,登山与否取决与个人。
二、KWL-PLUS方法在本篇文章应用
因为此篇文章讲的是珠穆朗玛峰,运用KWL-PLUS阅读教学模式,有关珠峰可以设计很多关联问题。在K环节可以问学生What do you know about Qomolangma?在W环节,先告诉学生标题Climbing Qomolangma, Worth the Risks?再给学生提示,两位登山者和一位心理学家会在文章中提到。再问学生,What do you want to know from the passage?跟据学生答案进行板书。在学完此篇文章后问学生What have you learned?再根据学生回答板书。最后设计Plus环节,学生学了今天的文章对攀登珠峰有大概的了解,问他们是否愿意攀登珠峰,再呈现学生讨论的结果。以及以CLIMB几个为首字母,以攀登比喻人生,让学生写关键词,再次巩固和拓展今日所学。
三、具体过程
Step 1 Lead-in 给学生观看一个关于登珠峰的视频片段,引出珠峰主题。(视频摘自电影攀登者,该片段讲述了登珠峰的危险与不易,反映出登山者需要有坚忍不拔,决不放弃的精神,最后升华主题,登珠峰不仅是为了个人体验也涉及为国争光。)
Step 2 K环节, 问学生What do you know about Qomolangma?(大部分学生能说出cold,high, extreme weather等关键词。基于学生回答,补充更多的关于珠峰的专业知识,PPT展示地图以及一些事实和数据,使学生对珠峰有全方位的了解。)
Step 3 W环节,问学生What do you want to know from the passage?(先告诉学生标题Climbing Qomolangma, Worth the Risks?再给学生提示,两位登山者和一位心理学家会在文章中提到。再问学生,What do you want to know from the passage?跟据学生答案进行板书。)
Step 4 Read for Main Ideas(阅读离不开对整个篇章的理解,此环节旨在让学生理清文章的脉络线索)
Read for Main Ideas (Pair Work) (5 minutes)
Read the first and the last sentence of each paragraph and match the main ideas. (Please underline the sentences that help you decide your answer.)
Step 5 Read for Details (此环节是基于篇章结构清楚后,对文章精读填空。旨在让学生学习生词,句型等碎片化知识的学习)
Read for Details (Individual Work)( 8 minutes )
Read the passage and complete the following blanks with expressions from the passage.
Step 6 Read for Opinions(此環节基于前面对整个文章脉络理解和碎片化知识习得后,问学生作者的写作目的)
Read for Opinions
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage.
A. To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared, as risks bring many benefits.
B. To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to climb Qomolangma.
C. To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma, as the risks outweigh the benefits. Step 7 L环节,问学生What have you learned?(此环节是对于最开始学生的预测信息给予反馈和总结。针对文中未提到的信息,老师鼓励学生下课自行查阅资料解决,鼓励学生再次自主学习和探索。)
Step 8 Plus 环节(此环节设置了两个输出环节。首先,带着学生回到标题,标题当中有个问号。那同样问学生If you were given a chance, would you like to climb Qomolangma? Why or why not? 鼓勵学生运用今天KWL阅读教学法学到的东西进行产出。最后,以攀登喻人生,给几个字母CLIMB,以这几个字母为首,每个字母给一个或多个关键词,学生分享。老师再给出自己的版本,鼓励学生自信勇敢勤奋做有意义的关爱他人的事,勇攀属于他们的人生珠峰。)
Think and Share (Group Discussion) (5minutes)
If you were given a chance, would you like to climb Qomolangma? Why or why not?
Please find useful expressions for or against climbing Qomolangma in the passage and combine
them with your own ideas to give us a speech.
Life is like climbing a mountain.
Be Confident
Be Loving
Be Industrious
Be Meaningful
Be Brave
to reach the top of your life.
四、结语
在高中英语新课改的大前提下,阅读文章难度增大,对词句的理解和要求也随之增大。在英语教学中应用KWL PlUS阅读教学模式,有助于培养学生激活已有知识储备、积极思考、主动提问、自主探究、互相交流、共同学习、解决问题、完成任务,并且“温故而知新”,反思所学所得,建构自我知识体系,从“已知”到“想知”,再到“学知”最后升华所学,最终使得学生的英语能力得到全面提升。
参考文献
[1]罗静, KWL Plus教学法在高中英语阅读教学的应用初探,海外英语,2020(10-0192-02):1
[2] Aamoutse, C.J. &Schellings, G_2003. Leaming reading strategies by triggering
reading motivation [J]. Educational Studies (4) :387-409
[3] Abdel-Hack, D., Sadeq, F., Helwa, H.2010.Using KWL Plus Strategy for
Developing some Reading Comprehension Skills among EFl Freshmen [J]. Benha Faczilty of education (6): 12-17.
关键词:KWL-PLUS 阅读教学模式 高中英语 主动性
中图分类号:G4 文献标识码:A
一、篇章分析
此篇文章取自2019外语教学与研究出版社B3U5,整个单元主题是人与自然。这一主题语境不仅能让学生积累丰富的自然百科知识,而且能够在主题意义探究的过程中逐渐提升他们有关自然生态环境保护,自然灾害防范和自我保护的意识和能力,鼓励他们在遵循自然规律的前提下对自然界的奥秘进行持续探索,在人与自然不断的新平衡中实现和谐共生。此篇文章首段讲述的是珠穆朗玛概况,二至三段根据两位登山名人的实例讲述登山的个人原因,紧接着四至六段根据一个心理学家的研究讲述登山的心理原因,最后一段提出作者观点,登山与否取决与个人。
二、KWL-PLUS方法在本篇文章应用
因为此篇文章讲的是珠穆朗玛峰,运用KWL-PLUS阅读教学模式,有关珠峰可以设计很多关联问题。在K环节可以问学生What do you know about Qomolangma?在W环节,先告诉学生标题Climbing Qomolangma, Worth the Risks?再给学生提示,两位登山者和一位心理学家会在文章中提到。再问学生,What do you want to know from the passage?跟据学生答案进行板书。在学完此篇文章后问学生What have you learned?再根据学生回答板书。最后设计Plus环节,学生学了今天的文章对攀登珠峰有大概的了解,问他们是否愿意攀登珠峰,再呈现学生讨论的结果。以及以CLIMB几个为首字母,以攀登比喻人生,让学生写关键词,再次巩固和拓展今日所学。
三、具体过程
Step 1 Lead-in 给学生观看一个关于登珠峰的视频片段,引出珠峰主题。(视频摘自电影攀登者,该片段讲述了登珠峰的危险与不易,反映出登山者需要有坚忍不拔,决不放弃的精神,最后升华主题,登珠峰不仅是为了个人体验也涉及为国争光。)
Step 2 K环节, 问学生What do you know about Qomolangma?(大部分学生能说出cold,high, extreme weather等关键词。基于学生回答,补充更多的关于珠峰的专业知识,PPT展示地图以及一些事实和数据,使学生对珠峰有全方位的了解。)
Step 3 W环节,问学生What do you want to know from the passage?(先告诉学生标题Climbing Qomolangma, Worth the Risks?再给学生提示,两位登山者和一位心理学家会在文章中提到。再问学生,What do you want to know from the passage?跟据学生答案进行板书。)
Step 4 Read for Main Ideas(阅读离不开对整个篇章的理解,此环节旨在让学生理清文章的脉络线索)
Read for Main Ideas (Pair Work) (5 minutes)
Read the first and the last sentence of each paragraph and match the main ideas. (Please underline the sentences that help you decide your answer.)
Step 5 Read for Details (此环节是基于篇章结构清楚后,对文章精读填空。旨在让学生学习生词,句型等碎片化知识的学习)
Read for Details (Individual Work)( 8 minutes )
Read the passage and complete the following blanks with expressions from the passage.
Step 6 Read for Opinions(此環节基于前面对整个文章脉络理解和碎片化知识习得后,问学生作者的写作目的)
Read for Opinions
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage.
A. To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared, as risks bring many benefits.
B. To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to climb Qomolangma.
C. To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma, as the risks outweigh the benefits. Step 7 L环节,问学生What have you learned?(此环节是对于最开始学生的预测信息给予反馈和总结。针对文中未提到的信息,老师鼓励学生下课自行查阅资料解决,鼓励学生再次自主学习和探索。)
Step 8 Plus 环节(此环节设置了两个输出环节。首先,带着学生回到标题,标题当中有个问号。那同样问学生If you were given a chance, would you like to climb Qomolangma? Why or why not? 鼓勵学生运用今天KWL阅读教学法学到的东西进行产出。最后,以攀登喻人生,给几个字母CLIMB,以这几个字母为首,每个字母给一个或多个关键词,学生分享。老师再给出自己的版本,鼓励学生自信勇敢勤奋做有意义的关爱他人的事,勇攀属于他们的人生珠峰。)
Think and Share (Group Discussion) (5minutes)
If you were given a chance, would you like to climb Qomolangma? Why or why not?
Please find useful expressions for or against climbing Qomolangma in the passage and combine
them with your own ideas to give us a speech.
Life is like climbing a mountain.
Be Confident
Be Loving
Be Industrious
Be Meaningful
Be Brave
to reach the top of your life.
四、结语
在高中英语新课改的大前提下,阅读文章难度增大,对词句的理解和要求也随之增大。在英语教学中应用KWL PlUS阅读教学模式,有助于培养学生激活已有知识储备、积极思考、主动提问、自主探究、互相交流、共同学习、解决问题、完成任务,并且“温故而知新”,反思所学所得,建构自我知识体系,从“已知”到“想知”,再到“学知”最后升华所学,最终使得学生的英语能力得到全面提升。
参考文献
[1]罗静, KWL Plus教学法在高中英语阅读教学的应用初探,海外英语,2020(10-0192-02):1
[2] Aamoutse, C.J. &Schellings, G_2003. Leaming reading strategies by triggering
reading motivation [J]. Educational Studies (4) :387-409
[3] Abdel-Hack, D., Sadeq, F., Helwa, H.2010.Using KWL Plus Strategy for
Developing some Reading Comprehension Skills among EFl Freshmen [J]. Benha Faczilty of education (6): 12-17.