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目的调查无锡市锡山区学龄前儿童蔬菜摄入情况与家长职业及家长对蔬菜认知行为情况的相关性情况。方法对无锡市锡山区873名学龄前儿童采用连续3d的回顾法结合膳食史法调查其蔬菜摄入情况,并作分析;同时调查家长的职业情况、对蔬菜认知情况、蔬菜摄入相关行为习惯情况,并且分析与幼儿蔬菜摄入情况相关的影响因素。结果调查有效问卷873份中,幼儿摄入瓜茄类、菌藻类、鲜豆类较少,摄入叶菜类、根茎类尚可,但根茎类主要为油炸或者市售加工后食品。家长对于蔬菜种类认识正确率为93.2%,认为蔬菜重要的概率为97.8%,蔬菜每日应摄入量知晓率34.1%,蔬菜合理烹调情况为74.9%,家长偏食人数百分比为7.3%。幼儿偏食和家长职业对于幼儿蔬菜摄入情况有影响,工人家庭和自由职业家庭中幼儿蔬菜摄入情况较差;家长对蔬菜种类、重要性、每日摄入量的认知,家长不良的烹调行为习惯、偏食情况对于幼儿的蔬菜摄入存在影响。结论当前锡山区学龄前儿童的蔬菜摄入情况与其自身饮食行为习惯有关,家长对于蔬菜的认知与行为习惯也影响到幼儿蔬菜摄入情况。故在幼儿饮食健康教育工作中应该重视对于家长的教育。
Objective To investigate the correlation between vegetable intake of preschool children in Xishan District of Wuxi City and their parents’ occupation and their cognition of vegetables. Methods A total of 873 pre-school children in Xishan District of Wuxi City were investigated retrospectively and combined with dietary history to investigate their vegetable intake. The parents’ occupational conditions were also investigated. The cognition of vegetables and their behaviors related to vegetable intake Habits, and analyze the impact of factors related to the intake of young children vegetables. Results Among the 873 valid questionnaires, young children consumed melon and eggplant, algae and algae, less fresh beans, and they could still get leafy vegetables and rhizomes. However, the main rhizomes were fried or marketed foods. The correct recognition rate of parents for vegetables was 93.2%, that of vegetables was 97.8%, that of vegetables was 34.1%, that of vegetables was 74.9%, and that of parents was 7.3%. Children’s partial eclipse and parental occupations have an impact on the intake of young children’s vegetables; the intake of vegetables by young children in workers ’families and free-lanced families is poor; the parents’ awareness of the type of vegetables, their importance and daily intake, poor parental cooking Behavioral habits, partial eclipse conditions have an impact on young children’s vegetable intake. Conclusions The current situation of vegetable intake among preschool children in Xishan District is related to their own dietary behaviors. Parents’ cognition and behavior of vegetables also affect the intake of vegetables in young children. Therefore, children’s health education in diet should pay attention to the education of parents.