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目的：研究新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ｈｙｐｏｘｉｃｉｓｃｈｅｍｉｃｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｏｐａｔｈｙ，以下简称ＨＩＥ）的发展规律及其预后情况。材料与方法：选择有围产期窒息史、头颅ＣＴ诊断为不同程度ＨＩＥ的新生儿８３例，分别于３个月、６个月、１岁、２岁和４岁以前进行头颅ＣＴ和临床复查。结果：３个月时５６％病例有头颅ＣＴ异常，大部分表现为外部性脑积水，２８％病例有神经系统的症状和体征。６个月时３３％病例有ＣＴ异常，３３％病例有临床表现。１岁以后约２０％病例有ＣＴ异常，表现为局限性脑软化灶和脑萎缩，并有相应的临床表现。结论：（１）ＨＩＥ所致脑质低密度灶在生后２～３个月内吸收消散。（２）ＨＩＥ在３个月时有半数病例头颅ＣＴ表现异常，大部分表现为外部性脑积水，１岁以后，外部性脑积水愈合，约２０％病例留有局限性脑软化和脑萎缩等严重后遗症。（３）ＨＩＥ的预后与ＣＴ分度密切相关，轻度者预后良好，中、重度者预后差。
Objective: To study the development and prognosis of neonatal hypoxicischemicencephalopathy (HIE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-three neonates with perinatal asphyxia and head CT were diagnosed as HIE at different levels. CT and clinical review were performed at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 4 years of age respectively . RESULTS: Fifty-six percent of the patients had cranial CT abnormalities at 3 months, most of whom had external hydrocephalus and 28% had neurological symptoms and signs. 33% of the cases had CT abnormalities at 6 months and 33% of the cases had clinical manifestations. Approximately 20% of cases after 1 year of age have CT abnormalities manifested as localized cerebral softening and brain atrophy and have corresponding clinical manifestations. Conclusion: (1) HIE-induced low density brain lesions within 2 to 3 months after birth absorbed dissipated. (2) Half of HIE showed CT abnormalities in half of cases at 3 months, most of which showed external hydrocephalus. After 1 year of age, external hydrocephalus healed. Some 20% of cases had limited cerebral edema and brain Atrophy and other serious sequelae. (3) The prognosis of HIE is closely related to CT classification, mild prognosis is good, moderate and severe prognosis is poor.