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【摘 要】：汉英语言属不同语系，其颜色词的表达方式既有相同的一面，也有不同的一面，这样的差异折射出两种民族的审美情趣和文化内涵。本文探索汉语颜色词在英译时表达方式的异同，旨在促进跨文化交际的顺利进行。
【关键词】：颜色词；汉英差异；翻译
中图分类号：H059
在英语和汉语两种语言中有关颜色的表达词语有很多且蕴含着丰富的文化内涵，由于英语和汉语分属两个截然不同的文化语系，两个民族对同一颜色所产生的联想有共性，也有差异性。在将汉语颜色词英译时，需要我们认真理解，谨慎处理，正确翻译。本文通过汉英语言颜色词在互译上的比较，找出其异同点，对促进中西文化交流十分重要。
1. 汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文照译为颜色词。
① 照译。
白宫 White House 红场 the Red Square
他原以为自己的前途黑暗。
He had thought his future would be black .
她头发上扎着一根红带子。...更使她在容貌和颜色上添了一种动人之处。
She wore a red ribbon in her hair . ...added eloquence to color and shape .
她的态度那么安静，她的神气那么含有情意，她穿着薄薄的白衣服，又那么温软轻柔。
She was so modest， so expensive ； she had looked so soft in her then white gown .
（Thomas Hardy ： Tess of the D’ubervilles ）
②加注释。
红包 red paper envelope containing money as gift or bonus
在他们分别的前一天，他送给她一颗红豆。
On the day before their departure ， he gave her a red bean ， which is a token of their love and remembrance .
黄粱美梦 Golden Millet Dream from the story of a poor scholar who dreamt he had become an official but awoke to find the pot of millet still cooking on the fire- pipe dream .
2.汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文不译为颜色词。
① 原文颜色词与颜色无关。
百年好合，白头偕老。
May you remain happily married to a ripe old age.
（“白头偕老”表示一辈子。）
红白喜事 weddings and funerals
（“红白”表示 结婚和丧事。）
看着他们成功了，他真眼红。
He is really jealous of their success .
（“眼红”表示忌妒。）
宝钗忙劝道：“妈妈和哥哥且别叫喊，消消停停的.就有个青红皂白了。”
“Do keep your voices down ！” put in Bao Chai quickly.“It will all be cleared up by and by right and wrong.”
（”青红皂白”比喻是非、情由等。）
②加注释。
又红又专
both socialist –minded and professionally qualified
一颗红心
a hear loyal to the Party （ the people ， the motherland ， the Communism ， Socialism ）
打白条
issue IOU （ I owe you .）
3.汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文改换另一颜色词。
红茶 black tea 黄色影片 blue films
红糖 brown sugar 眼红 green with envy
他的头发略带苍白。
His hair is touched with grey .
封面和封底是重磅的米色道林纸，边上打了两个眼。
The covers were of heavyweight ， buff- colored calendered
paper with two holes punched in the edges .
我的手指夹在门缝里，压得又青又紫。
My finger was caught in crack of the door and got pinched black and blue .
她将披着的头发向后一抖，人这才看清了脸孔：石灰一样白的圆脸，漆黑的浓眉，乌黑的眼眶，猩红的嘴唇。（鲁迅《女吊》）
Only when she shook back her disheveled hair could people see her face clearly，a round，chalk—white，face，thick，pitch—black eyebrows，lark eyelids，crimson lips. 4.汉语原文用非颜色词，英语译文译为颜色词。
① 引申：
他醋意大发。
He is green with jealousy .
在英语教学中，他还是个新手。
She is a green hand in teaching English .
今天看起来闷闷不乐，出了什么事？
You look blue today .What’s wrong with you ？
因为经营这家公司几年来一直亏损，所以他们只好把它卖掉。
They had to sell the firm because for years they had operated it in the red .
我们的企业不可能雇佣在考验关头畏缩不前的人。
We can’t afford to have anyone in this enterprise who is likely to turn yellow when the testing- time comes .
布朗先生是一位忠实可靠的人。那天他脸色不好，近来感到闷闷不乐。我见到他的时候，他显得心事重重。我希望他早点振作起来。
Mr.Brown is a very white man .He was looking rather blue the other day .He has been feeling blue lately . When I saw him ， he was in a brown study . I hope he’ll soon be in the pink again .
② 历史典故
害群之马 black sheep
我姐姐获得剑桥大学学位后，我们都称她为女才子。
My sister took her degree at Cambridge， since then we call her a blue stocking .
总之，汉英颜色词在语言的应用中非常广泛，丰富多彩，在英译汉语颜色词时，需要我们透彻理解汉语颜色词的文化内涵，并结合语用语境，仔细推敲，谨慎处理，切忌望文生义，死译或硬译，导致文化传输的失真。
参考文献：
[1] 曹雪芹， 高 鹗.红楼梦（上、下）[Z].北京：人民文学出版社，1982.
[2] 骆峰.《汉语色彩词的文化审视》，[M].上海：上海辞书出版社，2004.
[3] 张安德，杨元刚.《英汉词语文化对比》，[M].武汉：湖北教育出版社，2003.
[4]彭秋荣.英汉颜色词的文化内涵及其翻译[J].中国科技翻译，2oo1，（1）.
【关键词】：颜色词；汉英差异；翻译
中图分类号：H059
在英语和汉语两种语言中有关颜色的表达词语有很多且蕴含着丰富的文化内涵，由于英语和汉语分属两个截然不同的文化语系，两个民族对同一颜色所产生的联想有共性，也有差异性。在将汉语颜色词英译时，需要我们认真理解，谨慎处理，正确翻译。本文通过汉英语言颜色词在互译上的比较，找出其异同点，对促进中西文化交流十分重要。
1. 汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文照译为颜色词。
① 照译。
白宫 White House 红场 the Red Square
他原以为自己的前途黑暗。
He had thought his future would be black .
她头发上扎着一根红带子。...更使她在容貌和颜色上添了一种动人之处。
She wore a red ribbon in her hair . ...added eloquence to color and shape .
她的态度那么安静，她的神气那么含有情意，她穿着薄薄的白衣服，又那么温软轻柔。
She was so modest， so expensive ； she had looked so soft in her then white gown .
（Thomas Hardy ： Tess of the D’ubervilles ）
②加注释。
红包 red paper envelope containing money as gift or bonus
在他们分别的前一天，他送给她一颗红豆。
On the day before their departure ， he gave her a red bean ， which is a token of their love and remembrance .
黄粱美梦 Golden Millet Dream from the story of a poor scholar who dreamt he had become an official but awoke to find the pot of millet still cooking on the fire- pipe dream .
2.汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文不译为颜色词。
① 原文颜色词与颜色无关。
百年好合，白头偕老。
May you remain happily married to a ripe old age.
（“白头偕老”表示一辈子。）
红白喜事 weddings and funerals
（“红白”表示 结婚和丧事。）
看着他们成功了，他真眼红。
He is really jealous of their success .
（“眼红”表示忌妒。）
宝钗忙劝道：“妈妈和哥哥且别叫喊，消消停停的.就有个青红皂白了。”
“Do keep your voices down ！” put in Bao Chai quickly.“It will all be cleared up by and by right and wrong.”
（”青红皂白”比喻是非、情由等。）
②加注释。
又红又专
both socialist –minded and professionally qualified
一颗红心
a hear loyal to the Party （ the people ， the motherland ， the Communism ， Socialism ）
打白条
issue IOU （ I owe you .）
3.汉语原文用颜色词，英语译文改换另一颜色词。
红茶 black tea 黄色影片 blue films
红糖 brown sugar 眼红 green with envy
他的头发略带苍白。
His hair is touched with grey .
封面和封底是重磅的米色道林纸，边上打了两个眼。
The covers were of heavyweight ， buff- colored calendered
paper with two holes punched in the edges .
我的手指夹在门缝里，压得又青又紫。
My finger was caught in crack of the door and got pinched black and blue .
她将披着的头发向后一抖，人这才看清了脸孔：石灰一样白的圆脸，漆黑的浓眉，乌黑的眼眶，猩红的嘴唇。（鲁迅《女吊》）
Only when she shook back her disheveled hair could people see her face clearly，a round，chalk—white，face，thick，pitch—black eyebrows，lark eyelids，crimson lips. 4.汉语原文用非颜色词，英语译文译为颜色词。
① 引申：
他醋意大发。
He is green with jealousy .
在英语教学中，他还是个新手。
She is a green hand in teaching English .
今天看起来闷闷不乐，出了什么事？
You look blue today .What’s wrong with you ？
因为经营这家公司几年来一直亏损，所以他们只好把它卖掉。
They had to sell the firm because for years they had operated it in the red .
我们的企业不可能雇佣在考验关头畏缩不前的人。
We can’t afford to have anyone in this enterprise who is likely to turn yellow when the testing- time comes .
布朗先生是一位忠实可靠的人。那天他脸色不好，近来感到闷闷不乐。我见到他的时候，他显得心事重重。我希望他早点振作起来。
Mr.Brown is a very white man .He was looking rather blue the other day .He has been feeling blue lately . When I saw him ， he was in a brown study . I hope he’ll soon be in the pink again .
② 历史典故
害群之马 black sheep
我姐姐获得剑桥大学学位后，我们都称她为女才子。
My sister took her degree at Cambridge， since then we call her a blue stocking .
总之，汉英颜色词在语言的应用中非常广泛，丰富多彩，在英译汉语颜色词时，需要我们透彻理解汉语颜色词的文化内涵，并结合语用语境，仔细推敲，谨慎处理，切忌望文生义，死译或硬译，导致文化传输的失真。
参考文献：
[1] 曹雪芹， 高 鹗.红楼梦（上、下）[Z].北京：人民文学出版社，1982.
[2] 骆峰.《汉语色彩词的文化审视》，[M].上海：上海辞书出版社，2004.
[3] 张安德，杨元刚.《英汉词语文化对比》，[M].武汉：湖北教育出版社，2003.
[4]彭秋荣.英汉颜色词的文化内涵及其翻译[J].中国科技翻译，2oo1，（1）.