论文部分内容阅读
教学内容分析
本单元是《英语》(人教版)第五模块第四单元的内容,单元中心话题是“Making the news”, 涉及How to become a good reporter,或者新闻工作者应该具备的素质和新闻采访的基本程序等。本节课讲解的阅读内容My First Work Assignment,语言技能和语言知识主要是围绕“新闻”这一中心话题进行设计的。从课文内容来看,通篇是两个人的对话形式(Hu Xin and Zhou Yang),不是传统的段落结构,所以在阅读的处理和设计上需要做出改变。
学情分析
由于日常生活中天天接触各式新闻和消息,学生们对于“新闻”的中心话题不陌生,但是关于新闻的制作其实缺乏相应的了解。大部分学生已经掌握或初步掌握了基本的阅读技能,如skimming, scanning的快速阅读技能和careful reading 等的基本技巧。但是写作技能更加有挑战性,学生只有掌握大量的输入(词汇、句型等),才有可能具备输出的可能。所以,我的教学设计着眼于为学生树立学以致用的榜样,努力在日常教学实践中使用本单元所学的知识,为后面的写作输出环节做好铺垫。
整体设计思路
本节课的核心话题为“How to be a good reporter”,教学设计课型为“读写结合”课,具体分为:
1. 技能的训练与发展:有效整合话题内容和语言形式,根据要求进行段落、篇章的训练,鼓励学生合作学习,努力用英语表达自己的思想,发展学生的综合语言运用能力;
2. 语言的积累与运用:在应用中归纳、提炼文中的语言亮点,并在新语境中巩固运用;
3. 话题的拓展与延伸:在梳理文章信息的基础上,引导学生学以致用,拓展学生思维。
教学目标
根据高二学生的语言基础、认知水平和心理特征等实际情况,结合教学内容,从知识、技能、情感等三个维度来设置本节课的教学目标。
1.学生能够了解有关 Making the news的知识,重点关注好记者应该具备的素质和技能等,加强本单元所学词汇的认知并运用,如unusual, deliberately, dilemma, meanwhile, so as to, concentrate on, get the wrong end of the stick等;
2.学生通过阅读技巧训练,主要是Skimming和Scanning等常用的阅读技能训练与提高,以整体语篇理解为突破口,逐步过渡到对文章细节的理解与掌握;
3. 学生能积极参与话题讨论,与同伴交流、合作,以激发、拓展思维,逐步与生活实际相联系,动脑尝试解决实际问题。以应用文理解为语言输入,以应用文的基础写作为语言输出。
教学重难点分析
1. 本文知识量大,重点词汇及短语较多,另有倒装句型等,需认真加以梳理,排除学生的阅读障碍;
2. 训练和培养学生的快速阅读技巧,让学生学会快速获取相关有用的信息;
3. 启发学生思维,运用所学知识有条理的、有针对性地进行语言输出,尝试进行基本的应用文写作,并在小组的合作学习中有所收获。
教学方法
1. 情景教学法:设立真实情境并以此安排讨论等学习活动,并以此激发学生的学习兴趣及合作学习的意识和能力;
2. 任务型教学法:通过完成真实的学习任务,学生可以增强成就感,也可以更好地理解课文;
3. 学生的学习方法: Independent work (独立活动)、Pair work /Group work and collaborative inquiry learning(小组活动; 合作探究学习)。
教学辅助媒体
多种媒体辅助教学
教学过程
1. Pre-reading:
Lead-in: Pictures about the current events—media newspapers reporters.
【设计目标】:教师通过若干幅近期发生的重大新闻事件图片,在最短的时间内激发学生的相关背景知识储备,并有针对性地引导学生产生对本阅读材料的阅读欲望。
【设计思路】:① 本导课设计的基本特征是:短平快,且很有冲击力;
② 导课中所用的素材如李娜退役,China Daily报纸等与post-reading中的任务形成呼应。
2. While-reading
(1) Fast Reading
a. Skimming:
a) What is skimming? And how to skim this passage?
b) Question: What is the passage mainly about? _________.
【设计目标】:① 向学生解释基本的阅读技巧之—— skimming,并马上运用;
② 通过快速阅读总结出文章大意。
【设计思路】:① 教师根据本文的“对话”特征,灵活地调整了skimming的基本方法,放弃了传统的“topic sentence”的主线,取而代之以“questions”为主线;
② 本题并没有预设“标准”答案,而是一个开放性的、主观性的题目,学生可以根据自己对文章的第一感性理解说出自己的答案。这样设计着眼于增大学生的阅读理解中的思维含量。
b. Scanning
a) What is scanning? And how to scan this passage?
b) Section I (line 1-15)
Could Zhou Yang go out on a story immediately? And why (not)?
c) Section II (line 16-29)
Zhou Yang’s notes (line 16-29)(见表1)
d) Section III (line 30-41)
Why did Hu Xin use the example of the footballer? ________
A. To say they have never made any mistake.
B. To prove a liar can never hide any secret.
C. To show a reporter has to be careful about facts.
D. To describe one of his terrible memories.
【设计目标】:①向学生解释基本的阅读技巧scanning并马上运用;
② 通过阅读找到有关具体问题的答案。
【设计思路】:① 问题形式多变,根据文章内容自身特点的要求,教师设计了三种不同的问题形式;
② 问题难度有层次感,三种问题中,既有对具体细节的理解,也有对作者写作意图的归纳总结。没有为了照顾课堂的流畅性而故意降低问题难度,从而保证了理解中的思维含量。
(2) Focus on language barriers
a. PPT 显示内容:
a) Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. (line 1)
b) Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. (line 13)
c) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. (line 17)
教师板书内容:
Never have I seen such a beautiful river as the Yihe River. Not only was I fascinated by the scenery, but also I met some nice local people. ...Only if you come to see it for yourself can you enjoy its charm.
b. 微视频(micro-video):My Love
Story
【设计目标】:① 以“发现法”引出倒装句式,使学生对该句型有一个感性的了解;
② 以教师本人的Love Story串联本文中重点、难点词汇和短语。
【设计思路】:① 在句子结构的讲解中引入“发现法”,教师在串联该部分时用板书和口语的方式“带出”若干句倒装句式,试图做到“润物细无声”;
② 在重难点词汇、短语的讲解中引入“微视频”。微视频在这里的主要优势在于学生可以保存该微视频并重复观看,直至掌握所涉及语言知识。小小的遗憾在于无法让学生在课前学习,没有实现真正“翻转的课堂”。
3. Post-reading:
(1) Your“First Assignment”
Suppose you are reporters for China Daily, can you write a brief news story about Li Na?
Li Na’s Profile
1982年出生于湖北武汉;
1999年由业余球员转为职业运动员;成绩令人敬仰(30个冠军头衔);
退役前十分纠结。
Word Bank
hard-working, curious, amateur, professional, admirable achievement, eager, acquire, meanwhile, deliberately, dilemma, concentrate on, so as to, get the facts straight
(2) Homework:
Suppose your best friend is going to become a newspaper reporter, please write an e-mail to give him/her some suggestions.
(3) Self-Evaluation: (见表2)
【设计目标】:① 在完成了语言输入之后,进行适当的语言输出;
② 引导学生对自己的学习过程进行反思,提高学生的元认知能力。
【设计思路】: ① 读后任务与导课部分的内容形成呼应,使本课基本走完了从“应用文阅读”到“应用文写作”的整个过程;
② 关注学生的学习过程一直是我们英语教学的重点。所以,本教学设计中也根据本课的授课内容设计了有针对性的Self-Evaluation表格,有利于学生观察和掌控自己的学习。
自我反思
1. 尽管是参加高中的优质课的评比活动,但是我还是从实际出发,针对阅读的实际需求和学生实际情况,保证有足够的充分阅读时间,让学生有理解的时间和空间,而不是追求赛课活动的花哨和热闹。
2. 目前英语课堂的分层阅读普遍缺乏新意,基本就是使用分段阅读的方法,利用简答题、连线题、填表格(空白处)、判断正误(True or False)等题型。根据本节课材料的实际情况,我把它分成了三部分,用三种不同形式来处理,有问答题、填表信息、选择题。其中最后一部分不再考查细节信息,放弃信息“搬家”式的练习,而是提高了一个层次,设计了写作手法的题目,由Reading between the lines 变为Reading beyond the lines,提高了阅读理解的难度和层次。因为是有比较选项的理解题,学生经过阅读文章和理解课文,加上互助的小组合作,还是能解决此问题的。
3. 读后环节的处理——即语言输出环节,是具有提升和延伸主题的语言活动,要求要贴近和凸显主题,突出学以致用,切忌为了提升而提升。总之,语言活动要有利于学生用英语获取信息、整合信息和吸纳新鲜语言,要有助于培养学生的各种阅读微技能。具体形式,要么说,要么写。目前来看,写作任务对于学生来说更加有抓手。我设计了一页有点儿像China Daily报纸的作文纸,也是让学生分组讨论后开始书写,本单元所学、所能用的词汇都在Word Bank里面,以供他们参考,并且要鼓励他们尽可能多地使用,实际效果很好。因为时间紧张,最后我用投影展示了两个小组的作品,现场批阅,和在场的师生一起欣赏学生的作品,及时指出不足并提出表扬。
4. 关于知识点的处理。因为是“读写结合,阅读为主”的理解性课程,也是本单元的第一课,重点词汇的讲解不必展开(正常的教学进度为六课时完成一单元),但是倒装句型是本单元的重点和难点,如果不处理是不合理的。所以我采取了潜移默化的渗透法,从屏幕上展示的课文句子,到黑板上的板书(用四五句话编写的小故事),然后到课堂语言,甚至引出微视频的句子“Here comes my love story”,都是倒装句型,让学生在不知不觉中接触到倒装的句子,从实际效果看,做到了“润物细无声”。
5. 关于微视频。去年暑期集中研修的主题之一就是制作微视频,我的教学中,在重难点词汇、短语的讲解中引入“微视频”体现了学以致用。微视频在这里的主要优势在于:课堂讲解的效率高,生动有趣,学生可以保存该微视频并重复观看,直至掌握所涉及语言知识。当然,小小的遗憾在于无法让学生在课前学习,没有实现真正“翻转的课堂”。在平时的教学上可以尝试提前让学生观看,反复理解,就有翻转课堂的感觉了。
6. 关于师生互动。众所周知,阅读过程是学生用英语获取信息、整合信息、归纳验证和推理判断的过程,是学生掌握各种阅读微技能直至形成综合阅读能力的过程,所有的语言活动都要指向这个目标定位。教师要在阅读教学过程中应注意适时启动,正确引领,及时评判,适度操控,既要管得住自己,又要放得开学生。互动过程中的时间分配一定是学生活动多,教师指导少,教师要给学生留出足够的合作学习和独立思考的时间和空间,另外,一定要多给学生鼓励,多表扬。因为学生和老师只有几分钟的课前沟通时间,彼此都不熟悉,加上优质课评比现场有评委和众多外地老师听课,台上还有两台摄像机,所以,教师适时的鼓励和引导就是课堂顺利进行的催化剂,是非常必要的。
7. 关于小组合作学习。在上课之前,我根据学生的坐区和数量分成四人或三人一组,小组成员角色分工要明确,如group leader, speaker, writer, (timer)etc.,角色要定期互换,要有评价激励机制等。我一般先让学生自己思考问题,然后给他们一分钟的Pair Work 时间,就近和同桌或小组成员们商量一下问题,交流一下看法,如此能保证他们的理解和组织答案的正确性,不会在回答问题的时候卡壳。在最后的读后环节,是固定的小组活动,先讨论,然后再合作输出,努力体现“人人有效参与”。
附:教课所用的原教材内容:
Unit 4 Module 5 Making the News
MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT
"Unforgettable," says new journalist
Never will Zhou Yang(ZY)forget his
first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
HX: Welcome. We’re delighted you’re coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?
ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately? HX: (laughing) That’s admirable, but I’m afraid it would be unusual! Wait till you’re more experienced. First we’ll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.
ZY: Wonderful! What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera.
HX: No need for a camera! You will have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested.
ZY: Thank you! Not only am I interesting in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
HX: Good.
ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?
HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions, will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a “nose” for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
ZY: What should I keep in mind?
HX: Here comes my list of dos and don’ts: don’t miss your deadline, don’t be rude, don’t talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.
ZY: Why is listening so important?
HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.
ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?
HX: This is the trick of the trade. If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It’s also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.
ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were skeptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer’s body language that he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.
ZY: Wow! That was a real “scoop”. I’m looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I’ll get a scoop too!
HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.
本单元是《英语》(人教版)第五模块第四单元的内容,单元中心话题是“Making the news”, 涉及How to become a good reporter,或者新闻工作者应该具备的素质和新闻采访的基本程序等。本节课讲解的阅读内容My First Work Assignment,语言技能和语言知识主要是围绕“新闻”这一中心话题进行设计的。从课文内容来看,通篇是两个人的对话形式(Hu Xin and Zhou Yang),不是传统的段落结构,所以在阅读的处理和设计上需要做出改变。
学情分析
由于日常生活中天天接触各式新闻和消息,学生们对于“新闻”的中心话题不陌生,但是关于新闻的制作其实缺乏相应的了解。大部分学生已经掌握或初步掌握了基本的阅读技能,如skimming, scanning的快速阅读技能和careful reading 等的基本技巧。但是写作技能更加有挑战性,学生只有掌握大量的输入(词汇、句型等),才有可能具备输出的可能。所以,我的教学设计着眼于为学生树立学以致用的榜样,努力在日常教学实践中使用本单元所学的知识,为后面的写作输出环节做好铺垫。
整体设计思路
本节课的核心话题为“How to be a good reporter”,教学设计课型为“读写结合”课,具体分为:
1. 技能的训练与发展:有效整合话题内容和语言形式,根据要求进行段落、篇章的训练,鼓励学生合作学习,努力用英语表达自己的思想,发展学生的综合语言运用能力;
2. 语言的积累与运用:在应用中归纳、提炼文中的语言亮点,并在新语境中巩固运用;
3. 话题的拓展与延伸:在梳理文章信息的基础上,引导学生学以致用,拓展学生思维。
教学目标
根据高二学生的语言基础、认知水平和心理特征等实际情况,结合教学内容,从知识、技能、情感等三个维度来设置本节课的教学目标。
1.学生能够了解有关 Making the news的知识,重点关注好记者应该具备的素质和技能等,加强本单元所学词汇的认知并运用,如unusual, deliberately, dilemma, meanwhile, so as to, concentrate on, get the wrong end of the stick等;
2.学生通过阅读技巧训练,主要是Skimming和Scanning等常用的阅读技能训练与提高,以整体语篇理解为突破口,逐步过渡到对文章细节的理解与掌握;
3. 学生能积极参与话题讨论,与同伴交流、合作,以激发、拓展思维,逐步与生活实际相联系,动脑尝试解决实际问题。以应用文理解为语言输入,以应用文的基础写作为语言输出。
教学重难点分析
1. 本文知识量大,重点词汇及短语较多,另有倒装句型等,需认真加以梳理,排除学生的阅读障碍;
2. 训练和培养学生的快速阅读技巧,让学生学会快速获取相关有用的信息;
3. 启发学生思维,运用所学知识有条理的、有针对性地进行语言输出,尝试进行基本的应用文写作,并在小组的合作学习中有所收获。
教学方法
1. 情景教学法:设立真实情境并以此安排讨论等学习活动,并以此激发学生的学习兴趣及合作学习的意识和能力;
2. 任务型教学法:通过完成真实的学习任务,学生可以增强成就感,也可以更好地理解课文;
3. 学生的学习方法: Independent work (独立活动)、Pair work /Group work and collaborative inquiry learning(小组活动; 合作探究学习)。
教学辅助媒体
多种媒体辅助教学
教学过程
1. Pre-reading:
Lead-in: Pictures about the current events—media newspapers reporters.
【设计目标】:教师通过若干幅近期发生的重大新闻事件图片,在最短的时间内激发学生的相关背景知识储备,并有针对性地引导学生产生对本阅读材料的阅读欲望。
【设计思路】:① 本导课设计的基本特征是:短平快,且很有冲击力;
② 导课中所用的素材如李娜退役,China Daily报纸等与post-reading中的任务形成呼应。
2. While-reading
(1) Fast Reading
a. Skimming:
a) What is skimming? And how to skim this passage?
b) Question: What is the passage mainly about? _________.
【设计目标】:① 向学生解释基本的阅读技巧之—— skimming,并马上运用;
② 通过快速阅读总结出文章大意。
【设计思路】:① 教师根据本文的“对话”特征,灵活地调整了skimming的基本方法,放弃了传统的“topic sentence”的主线,取而代之以“questions”为主线;
② 本题并没有预设“标准”答案,而是一个开放性的、主观性的题目,学生可以根据自己对文章的第一感性理解说出自己的答案。这样设计着眼于增大学生的阅读理解中的思维含量。
b. Scanning
a) What is scanning? And how to scan this passage?
b) Section I (line 1-15)
Could Zhou Yang go out on a story immediately? And why (not)?
c) Section II (line 16-29)
Zhou Yang’s notes (line 16-29)(见表1)
d) Section III (line 30-41)
Why did Hu Xin use the example of the footballer? ________
A. To say they have never made any mistake.
B. To prove a liar can never hide any secret.
C. To show a reporter has to be careful about facts.
D. To describe one of his terrible memories.
【设计目标】:①向学生解释基本的阅读技巧scanning并马上运用;
② 通过阅读找到有关具体问题的答案。
【设计思路】:① 问题形式多变,根据文章内容自身特点的要求,教师设计了三种不同的问题形式;
② 问题难度有层次感,三种问题中,既有对具体细节的理解,也有对作者写作意图的归纳总结。没有为了照顾课堂的流畅性而故意降低问题难度,从而保证了理解中的思维含量。
(2) Focus on language barriers
a. PPT 显示内容:
a) Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. (line 1)
b) Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. (line 13)
c) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. (line 17)
教师板书内容:
Never have I seen such a beautiful river as the Yihe River. Not only was I fascinated by the scenery, but also I met some nice local people. ...Only if you come to see it for yourself can you enjoy its charm.
b. 微视频(micro-video):My Love
Story
【设计目标】:① 以“发现法”引出倒装句式,使学生对该句型有一个感性的了解;
② 以教师本人的Love Story串联本文中重点、难点词汇和短语。
【设计思路】:① 在句子结构的讲解中引入“发现法”,教师在串联该部分时用板书和口语的方式“带出”若干句倒装句式,试图做到“润物细无声”;
② 在重难点词汇、短语的讲解中引入“微视频”。微视频在这里的主要优势在于学生可以保存该微视频并重复观看,直至掌握所涉及语言知识。小小的遗憾在于无法让学生在课前学习,没有实现真正“翻转的课堂”。
3. Post-reading:
(1) Your“First Assignment”
Suppose you are reporters for China Daily, can you write a brief news story about Li Na?
Li Na’s Profile
1982年出生于湖北武汉;
1999年由业余球员转为职业运动员;成绩令人敬仰(30个冠军头衔);
退役前十分纠结。
Word Bank
hard-working, curious, amateur, professional, admirable achievement, eager, acquire, meanwhile, deliberately, dilemma, concentrate on, so as to, get the facts straight
(2) Homework:
Suppose your best friend is going to become a newspaper reporter, please write an e-mail to give him/her some suggestions.
(3) Self-Evaluation: (见表2)
【设计目标】:① 在完成了语言输入之后,进行适当的语言输出;
② 引导学生对自己的学习过程进行反思,提高学生的元认知能力。
【设计思路】: ① 读后任务与导课部分的内容形成呼应,使本课基本走完了从“应用文阅读”到“应用文写作”的整个过程;
② 关注学生的学习过程一直是我们英语教学的重点。所以,本教学设计中也根据本课的授课内容设计了有针对性的Self-Evaluation表格,有利于学生观察和掌控自己的学习。
自我反思
1. 尽管是参加高中的优质课的评比活动,但是我还是从实际出发,针对阅读的实际需求和学生实际情况,保证有足够的充分阅读时间,让学生有理解的时间和空间,而不是追求赛课活动的花哨和热闹。
2. 目前英语课堂的分层阅读普遍缺乏新意,基本就是使用分段阅读的方法,利用简答题、连线题、填表格(空白处)、判断正误(True or False)等题型。根据本节课材料的实际情况,我把它分成了三部分,用三种不同形式来处理,有问答题、填表信息、选择题。其中最后一部分不再考查细节信息,放弃信息“搬家”式的练习,而是提高了一个层次,设计了写作手法的题目,由Reading between the lines 变为Reading beyond the lines,提高了阅读理解的难度和层次。因为是有比较选项的理解题,学生经过阅读文章和理解课文,加上互助的小组合作,还是能解决此问题的。
3. 读后环节的处理——即语言输出环节,是具有提升和延伸主题的语言活动,要求要贴近和凸显主题,突出学以致用,切忌为了提升而提升。总之,语言活动要有利于学生用英语获取信息、整合信息和吸纳新鲜语言,要有助于培养学生的各种阅读微技能。具体形式,要么说,要么写。目前来看,写作任务对于学生来说更加有抓手。我设计了一页有点儿像China Daily报纸的作文纸,也是让学生分组讨论后开始书写,本单元所学、所能用的词汇都在Word Bank里面,以供他们参考,并且要鼓励他们尽可能多地使用,实际效果很好。因为时间紧张,最后我用投影展示了两个小组的作品,现场批阅,和在场的师生一起欣赏学生的作品,及时指出不足并提出表扬。
4. 关于知识点的处理。因为是“读写结合,阅读为主”的理解性课程,也是本单元的第一课,重点词汇的讲解不必展开(正常的教学进度为六课时完成一单元),但是倒装句型是本单元的重点和难点,如果不处理是不合理的。所以我采取了潜移默化的渗透法,从屏幕上展示的课文句子,到黑板上的板书(用四五句话编写的小故事),然后到课堂语言,甚至引出微视频的句子“Here comes my love story”,都是倒装句型,让学生在不知不觉中接触到倒装的句子,从实际效果看,做到了“润物细无声”。
5. 关于微视频。去年暑期集中研修的主题之一就是制作微视频,我的教学中,在重难点词汇、短语的讲解中引入“微视频”体现了学以致用。微视频在这里的主要优势在于:课堂讲解的效率高,生动有趣,学生可以保存该微视频并重复观看,直至掌握所涉及语言知识。当然,小小的遗憾在于无法让学生在课前学习,没有实现真正“翻转的课堂”。在平时的教学上可以尝试提前让学生观看,反复理解,就有翻转课堂的感觉了。
6. 关于师生互动。众所周知,阅读过程是学生用英语获取信息、整合信息、归纳验证和推理判断的过程,是学生掌握各种阅读微技能直至形成综合阅读能力的过程,所有的语言活动都要指向这个目标定位。教师要在阅读教学过程中应注意适时启动,正确引领,及时评判,适度操控,既要管得住自己,又要放得开学生。互动过程中的时间分配一定是学生活动多,教师指导少,教师要给学生留出足够的合作学习和独立思考的时间和空间,另外,一定要多给学生鼓励,多表扬。因为学生和老师只有几分钟的课前沟通时间,彼此都不熟悉,加上优质课评比现场有评委和众多外地老师听课,台上还有两台摄像机,所以,教师适时的鼓励和引导就是课堂顺利进行的催化剂,是非常必要的。
7. 关于小组合作学习。在上课之前,我根据学生的坐区和数量分成四人或三人一组,小组成员角色分工要明确,如group leader, speaker, writer, (timer)etc.,角色要定期互换,要有评价激励机制等。我一般先让学生自己思考问题,然后给他们一分钟的Pair Work 时间,就近和同桌或小组成员们商量一下问题,交流一下看法,如此能保证他们的理解和组织答案的正确性,不会在回答问题的时候卡壳。在最后的读后环节,是固定的小组活动,先讨论,然后再合作输出,努力体现“人人有效参与”。
附:教课所用的原教材内容:
Unit 4 Module 5 Making the News
MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT
"Unforgettable," says new journalist
Never will Zhou Yang(ZY)forget his
first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
HX: Welcome. We’re delighted you’re coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?
ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately? HX: (laughing) That’s admirable, but I’m afraid it would be unusual! Wait till you’re more experienced. First we’ll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.
ZY: Wonderful! What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera.
HX: No need for a camera! You will have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested.
ZY: Thank you! Not only am I interesting in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
HX: Good.
ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?
HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions, will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a “nose” for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
ZY: What should I keep in mind?
HX: Here comes my list of dos and don’ts: don’t miss your deadline, don’t be rude, don’t talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.
ZY: Why is listening so important?
HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.
ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?
HX: This is the trick of the trade. If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It’s also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.
ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were skeptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer’s body language that he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.
ZY: Wow! That was a real “scoop”. I’m looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I’ll get a scoop too!
HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.