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用RAPD技术分析了方正银鲫、异育银鲫、异育银鲫准回交世代和兴国红鲤 4个群体的遗传相似性。方正银鲫、异育银鲫和异育银鲫准回交世代多态位点数接近 ,且显著低于兴国红鲤 ;异育银鲫准回交世代存在特异带或特有带 ;方正银鲫与异育银鲫间的遗传相似性高于它与异育银鲫准回交世代间的遗传相似性 ,而兴国红鲤与异育银鲫间的相似性低于其与异育银鲫准回交世代间的遗传相似性。结果表明 :三倍体群体遗传多样性低于正常二倍体 ;异育银鲫准回交世代存在遗传重组 ;随着兴国红鲤精子刺激次数增加 ,后代遗传背景与方正银鲫差异越来越大 ,而与兴国红鲤越来越相似。精子刺激三倍体卵发育 ,也能将一些遗传物质整合进卵细胞核 ,使后代经济性状呈现一定的优势。
The genetic similarity of four populations of Founder silver carp, allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), quasi-backcross generation of allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and Xingguo red carp were analyzed by RAPD technique. Founder silver crucian carp, allogynogenetic crucian carp and allogynogenetic crucian carp quasi-backcross generations close to the number of polymorphic sites, and significantly lower than the Xingguo carp; heterotrophic crucian carp quasi-backcross generations there are specific bands or endemic; Founder silver crucian carp The genetic similarity between allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) was higher than that between the allogynogenetic crucian carp Genetic similarity between generations. The results showed that: the genetic diversity of triploid population was lower than that of normal diploid; genetic recombination occurred in quasi-backcross generation of allogynogenetic crucian carp. With the increase of sperm stimulation frequency in Xingguo red carp, the genetic background was more and more different from that of Founder silver crucian carp Big, but more and more similar to Xingguo carp. Sperm stimulate triploid egg development, but also can integrate some genetic material into the nucleus of egg so that the economic traits of future generations show certain advantages.