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作为晚清重臣,李鸿章是位被后人褒贬不一的历史人物。以历史的观点实事求是地说,抛开外交上的许多媚外和软弱行为,单就他的战略思想而言,在当时应说具有一定的合理性,对清朝的国家战略产生过重要影响。他的海防战略是中国近代海防意识与西方海军战略理论结合的产物,尽管有很大局限性,但在中国近代史上也起过积极作用。本文从当时的历史背景入手,试论其理论基础和基本出发点、指导思想及合理性内核、局限性以及对现实的启示。
As a minister in late Qing Dynasty, Li Hung-chang was a historical figure criticized by later generations. To put it in practical perspective from a historical point of view, aside from many diplomatic and fawdy acts on the diplomatic side, for his strategic thinking alone, it should be said at that time to have certain rationality and have an important influence on the Qing national strategy. His strategy of coastal defense is a product of the combination of modern Chinese maritime defense awareness and western naval strategic theory. Although limited in scope, it also played an active role in modern Chinese history. This article starts from the then historical background, and discusses its theoretical basis and basic starting point, guiding ideology and core of rationality, its limitations and its enlightenment on reality.